# English-Chinese Glossary

[中文]

This document lists terms that are used in Espressif Advanced Development Framework Guide and other audio related documentation. Each term is followed by its Chinese equivalents and some have definitions.

AAC

  Chinese equivalent: AAC

  Abbreviation for Advanced Audio Coding, an industry-standard audio compression format.

acoustic

  Chinese equivalent: 声学

acoustic calibrator

  Chinese equivalent: 声校准器

  Also known as sound level calibrator.

acoustic echo cancellation

  Chinese equivalent: 声学回声消除

  Spelled-out form of AEC.

AEC

  Chinese equivalent: AEC

  Abbreviation for acoustic echo cancellation.

Advanced Audio Distribution Profile

  Chinese equivalent: 高级音频分发框架

  Spelled-out form of A2DP.

A2DP

  Chinese equivalent: A2DP.

  Abbreviation for Advanced Audio Distribution Profile.

A2DP sink

  Chinese equivalent: A2DP sink

A2DP source

  Chinese equivalent: A2DP source

AFE

  Chinese equivalent: AFE

  Abbreviation for audio front end. Espressif audio front-end algorithm framework is developed by Espressif AI Lab to provide high-quality and stable audio data to the host.

AirKiss

  Chinese equivalent: AirKiss

  AirKiss is a quick-connection technique provided by Weixin device platform for Wi-Fi devices to configure network connection.

AMR

  Chinese equivalent: AMR

  Abbreviation for Adaptive Multi-Rate, an audio compression format optimized for speech coding.

AMR-NB

  Chinese equivalent: AMR-NB

  Abbreviation for Adaptive Multi-Rate Narrowband, a narrowband speech audio coding standard developed based on Adaptive Multi-Rate encoding.

AMR-WB

  Chinese equivalent: AMR-WB

  Abbreviation for Adaptive Multi-Rate Wideband, a wideband speech audio coding standard developed based on Adaptive Multi-Rate encoding.

analog-to-digital converter

  Chinese equivalent: 模拟数字转换器

  Spelled-out form of ADC.

ADC

  Chinese equivalent: ADC

  Abbreviation for analog-to-digital converter.

audio codec

  Chinese equivalent: 音频编码解码器

audio forge

  Chinese equivalent: 音频塑造

  A combination of several audio backend processing techniques, including resample, downmix, automatic level control, equalizer and sonic. Users can enable or disable certain techniques as needed.

audio gate

  Chinese equivalent: 音频网关

  Spelled-out form of AG.

AG

  Chinese equivalent: AG

  Abbreviation for audio gate.

audio front end

  Chinese equivalent: 声学前端

  Spelled-out form of AFE.

audio passthru

  Chinese equivalent: 音频透传

  Also known as pipeline passthru. It is an audio technique that allows audio files to pass through a pipeline unaltered.

audio pipeline

  Chinese equivalent: 音频管道

  Often used as “pipeline”. It is a chain of audio processing elements arranged in a particular order so that the output of each element is the input of the next.

Audio Video Remote Control Profile

  Chinese equivalent: 音视频远程控制规范

  Spelled-out form of AVRCP.

AVRCP

  Chinese equivalent: AVRCP

  Abbreviation for Audio Video Remote Control Profile.

automatic gain control

  Chinese equivalent: 自动增益控制

  Spelled-out form of AGC.

AGC

  Chinese equivalent: AGC

  Abbreviation for automatic gain control.

automatic level control

  Chinese equivalent: 自动电平控制

  Spelled-out form of ALC.

ALC

  Chinese equivalent: ALC

  Abbreviation for automatic level control.

automatic speech recognition

  Chinese equivalent: 自动语音识别

  Spelled-out form of ASR.

aux cable

  Chinese equivalent: aux 音频线

  Also known as auxiliary cable.

ASR

  Chinese equivalent: ASR

  Abbreviation for automatic speech recognition.

bandwidth

  Chinese equivalent: 带宽

Bass Frequency

  Chinese equivalent: 低频

BCLK

  Chinese equivalent: BCLK

  Abbreviation for bit clock.

BluFi

  Chinese equivalent: BluFi

  A Wi-Fi network configuration function via Bluetooth channel. See ESP-IDF Programming Guide for more information.

cavity

  Chinese equivalent: 腔体

command word

  Chinese equivalent: 命令词

core dump

  Chinese equivalent: 核心转储

cutoff frequency

  Chinese equivalent: 截止频率

decoder

  Chinese equivalent: 解码器

digital media renderer

  Chinese equivalent: 数字媒体渲染器

  Spelled-out form of DMR.

digital signal processor

  Chinese equivalent: 数字信号处理器

  Spelled-out form of DSP.

DSP

  Chinese equivalent: DSP

  Abbreviation for digital signal processor or digital signal processing.

digital-to-analog converter

  Chinese equivalent: 数字模拟转换器

  Spelled-out form of DAC.

dispatcher

  Chinese equivalent: 调度器

distortion

  Chinese equivalent: 失真

DAC

  Chinese equivalent: DAC

  Abbreviation for digital-to-analog converter.

Digital Living Network Alliance

  Chinese equivalent: 数字生活网络联盟

  Spelled-out form of DLNA.

DLNA

  Chinese equivalent: DLNA

  Abbreviation for Digital Living Network Alliance.

DMR

  Chinese equivalent: DMR

  Abbreviation for digital media renderer.

downmix

  Chinese equivalent: 向下混音

  An audio processing technique that mixes more audio streams to less output audio streams.

DuerOS

  Chinese equivalent: DuerOS

  DuerOS is a conversational AI system developed by Baidu.

echo

  Chinese equivalent: 回声

  > A reflection of sound that arrives at the listener with a delay after the direct sound.

echo reference signal

  Chinese equivalent: 回声参考信号

electret condenser microphone

  Chinese equivalent: 驻极体麦克风

  Spelled-out form of ECM.

ECM

  Chinese equivalent: ECM

  Abbreviation for electret condenser microphone.

element

  Chinese equivalent: 处理单元

  A processing unit on a GMF pipeline. Legacy ADF called it an audio element.

encoder

  Chinese equivalent: 编码器

equalizer

  Chinese equivalent: 均衡器

ESP VoIP

  Chinese equivalent: ESP VoIP

  ESP VoIP is a telephone client based on the standard SIP protocol, which can be used in some P2P or audio conference scenarios.

fast Fourier transform

  Chinese equivalent: 快速傅里叶变换

  Spelled-out form of FFT.

FFT

  Chinese equivalent: FFT

  Abbreviation for fast Fourier transform.

FatFs

  Chinese equivalent: FatFs

FatFs stream

  Chinese equivalent: FatFs 流

FLAC

  Chinese equivalent: FLAC

  Abbreviation for Free Lossless Audio Codec, an audio coding format for lossless compression of digital audio.

flexible pipeline

  Chinese equivalent: 灵活管道

FPS

  Chinese equivalent: FPS

  Abbreviation for frames per second.

frames per second

  Chinese equivalent: 每秒传输帧数

  Spelled-out form of FPS.

frequency response

  Chinese equivalent: 频率响应

full band

  Chinese equivalent: 全频带

  Spelled-out form of FB.

FB

  Chinese equivalent: FB

  Abbreviation for full band.

Hands-Free

  Chinese equivalent: 免提

  Spelled-out form of HF.

HF

  Chinese equivalent: HF

  Abbreviation for Hands-Free.

Hands-Free Audio Gateway

  Chinese equivalent: 免提音频网关

  Spelled-out form of HFP-AG.

Hands-Free Profile

  Chinese equivalent: 免提规范

Hands-Free Unit

  Chinese equivalent: 免提组件

HFP

  Chinese equivalent: HFP

  Abbreviation for Hands-Free Profile.

hardware abstraction layer

  Chinese equivalent: 硬件抽象层

  Spelled-out form of HAL.

HAL

  Chinese equivalent: HAL

  Abbreviation for hardware abstraction layer.

headset

  Chinese equivalent: 耳机

HFP-AG

  Chinese equivalent: HFP-AG

  Abbreviation for Hands-Free Audio Gateway.

Hi-Fi speaker

  Chinese equivalent: 高保真音箱

  Also known as high-fidelity speaker.

High Frequency

  Chinese equivalent: 高频

high-fidelity microphone

  Chinese equivalent: 高保真麦克风

HLS

  Chinese equivalent: HLS

  Abbreviation for HTTP Live Streaming.

HTTP stream

  Chinese equivalent: HTTP 流

HTTP Live Streaming

  Chinese equivalent: HTTP 直播流

  Spelled-out form of HLS.

I2S stream

  Chinese equivalent: I2S 流

insertion loss

  Chinese equivalent: 插入损失

Internet radio

  Chinese equivalent: 网络电台

Internet of Things

  Chinese equivalent: 物联网

IoT

  Chinese equivalent: IoT

  Abbreviation for Internet of Things.

JPEG

  Chinese equivalent: JPEG

  A commonly used method of lossy compression for digital images. Same as JPG.

JPG

  Chinese equivalent: JPG

  A commonly used method of lossy compression for digital images. Same as JPEG.

Light and Versatile Graphics Library

  Chinese equivalent: 轻量级多功能图形库

  Spelled-out form of LVGL

low-pass filter

  Chinese equivalent: 低通滤波器

LVGL

  Chinese equivalent: LVGL

  Abbreviation for Light and Versatile Graphics Library.

M3U8

  Chinese equivalent: M3U8

  The Unicode version of M3U is M3U8, which uses UTF-8-encoded characters.

M4A

  Chinese equivalent: M4A

  An MPEG-4 audio container. The common payload is AAC (lossy); lossless cases use ALAC.

mass production

  Chinese equivalent: 量产

maximum output power

  Chinese equivalent: 最大输出功率

MCLK

  Chinese equivalent: MCLK

  Abbreviation for master clock.

mel-frequency cepstral coefficients

  Chinese equivalent: 梅尔频率倒谱系数

  Spelled-out form of MFCC.

MFCC

  Chinese equivalent: MFCC

  Abbreviation for mel-frequency cepstral coefficients.

microphone

  Chinese equivalent: 麦克风

mic

  Chinese equivalent: 麦克风

  Informal form for microphone.

micro-electro-mechanical systems microphone

  Chinese equivalent: 微型机电系统麦克风

  Spelled-out form of MEMS mic.

MEMS mic

  Chinese equivalent: MEMS 麦克风

  Abbreviation for micro-electro-mechanical systems microphone.

microphone gain

  Chinese equivalent: 麦克风增益

microphone hole

  Chinese equivalent: 麦克孔

microSD card

  Chinese equivalent: microSD 卡

MP3

  Chinese equivalent: MP3

MP4

  Chinese equivalent: MP4

MultiNet

  Chinese equivalent: MultiNet

  MultiNet is a lightweight model specially designed based on CRNN and CTC for the implementation of multi-command recognition.

multi-room

  Chinese equivalent: 多房间

Multi-Room Music

  Chinese equivalent: Multi-Room Music

  ESP Multi-Room Music is a Wi-Fi-based communication protocol to share music across multiple interconnected speakers. Under this protocol, those connected speakers form a Group. They can play music synchronously and are controlled together, which can easily achieve a theater-grade stereo surround sound system.

narrowband

  Chinese equivalent: 窄带

  Spelled-out form of NB.

NB

  Chinese equivalent: NB

  Abbreviation for narrowband.

NimBLE

  Chinese equivalent: NimBLE

  > An open-source Bluetooth Low Energy or Bluetooth Smart stack.

noise criteria curve

  Chinese equivalent: 噪声标准曲线

  Also known as NC curve.

noise rating curve

  Chinese equivalent: 噪声评价曲线

  Also known as NR curve.

noise floor

  Chinese equivalent: 本底噪声

noise suppression

  Chinese equivalent: 噪声抑制

  Spelled-out form of NS.

NS

  Chinese equivalent: NS

  Abbreviation for noise suppression.

non-volatile storage

  Chinese equivalent: 非易失性存储

  Spelled-out form of NVS.

NVS

  Chinese equivalent: NVS

  Abbreviation for non-volatile storage.

OGG

  Chinese equivalent: OGG

  An audio compression format.

OPUS

  Chinese equivalent: OPUS

  A lossy audio coding format.

PCM

  Chinese equivalent: PCM

  Abbreviation for pulse-code modulation.

pixel

  Chinese equivalent: 像素

playback

  Chinese equivalent: 回放

  It is a noun. The verb is “play back”.

programmable gain amplifier

  Chinese equivalent: 可编程增益放大器

  Spelled-out form of PGA.

PGA

  Chinese equivalent: PGA

  Abbreviation for programmable gain amplifier.

protractor

  Chinese equivalent: 量角尺

pulse-code modulation

  Chinese equivalent: 脉冲编码调制

  Spelled-out form of PCM.

raw stream

  Chinese equivalent: 原始流

resample

  Chinese equivalent: 重采样

resample filter

  Chinese equivalent: 重采样过滤器

resonant frequency

  Chinese equivalent: 谐振频率

reverberation

  Chinese equivalent: 混响

RGB

  Chinese equivalent: RGB

  The RGB color model is an additive color model in which the red, green, and blue primary colors of light are added together in various ways to reproduce a broad array of colors.

ring buffer

  Chinese equivalent: 环形缓冲区

SBC

  Chinese equivalent: SBC

  Abbreviation for subband codec.

SD card

  Chinese equivalent: SD 卡

Session Initiation Protocol

  Chinese equivalent: 会话发起协议

  Spelled-out form of SIP.

signal-to-echo ratio

  Chinese equivalent: 信回比

signal-to-noise ratio

  Chinese equivalent: 信噪比

  Spelled-out form of SNR.

SIP

  Chinese equivalent: SIP

  Abbreviation for Session Initiation Protocol.

SNR

  Chinese equivalent: SNR

  Abbreviation for signal-to-noise ratio.

SmartConfig

  Chinese equivalent: SmartConfig

  The SmartConfig TM is a provisioning technology developed by TI to connect a new Wi-Fi device to a Wi-Fi network. It uses a mobile app to broadcast the network credentials from a smartphone, or a tablet, to an un-provisioned Wi-Fi device.

sonic

  Chinese equivalent: 变声

  An audio processing technique that modifies sound frequency and speed.

sound card

  Chinese equivalent: 声卡

  Also known as audio card.

sound level meter

  Chinese equivalent: 分贝仪

  Also known as sound pressure level meter.

sound pickup hole

  Chinese equivalent: 拾音孔

sound pickup tube

  Chinese equivalent: 拾音管道

sound transmission loss

  Chinese equivalent: 传声损失

  Spelled-out form of STL.

speech

  Chinese equivalent: 语音

speech recognition

  Chinese equivalent: 语音识别

  Spelled-out form of SR.

SR

  Chinese equivalent: SR

  Abbreviation for speech recognition.

SPI Flash File System

  Chinese equivalent: SPI 闪存文件系统

  Spelled-out form of SPIFFS.

SPIFFS

  Chinese equivalent: SPIFFS

  Abbreviation for SPI Flash File System.

SPIFFS stream

  Chinese equivalent: SPIFFS 流

subband codec

  Chinese equivalent: 次频带编码

  Spelled-out form of SBC.

STL

  Chinese equivalent: STL

  Abbreviation for sound transmission loss.

super wide band

  Chinese equivalent: 超宽频带

  Spelled-out form of SWB.

SWB

  Chinese equivalent: SWB

  Abbreviation for super wide band.

tape measure

  Chinese equivalent: 卷尺

text-to-speech

  Chinese equivalent: 语音合成

  Spelled-out form of TTS.

TTS

  Chinese equivalent: TTS

  Abbreviation for text-to-speech.

tolerance

  Chinese equivalent: 公差

tone

  Chinese equivalent: 提示音

total harmonic distortion

  Chinese equivalent: 总谐波失真

  Spelled-out form of THD.

THD

  Chinese equivalent: THD

  Abbreviation for total harmonic distortion.

voice activity detection

  Chinese equivalent: 语音活动检测

  Spelled-out form of VAD.

VAD

  Chinese equivalent: VAD

  Abbreviation for voice activity detection.

VoIP

  Chinese equivalent: VoIP

  Abbreviation for Voice over Internet Protocol.

wake word

  Chinese equivalent: 唤醒词

wake word engine

  Chinese equivalent: 唤醒词引擎

  Spelled-out form of WWE.

WakeNet

  Chinese equivalent: WakeNet

  WakeNet is a wake word engine built upon neural network for low-power embedded MCUs.

wake-up

  Chinese equivalent: 唤醒

  It is a noun.

wideband

  Chinese equivalent: 宽带

  Spelled-out form of WB.

WB

  Chinese equivalent: WB

  Abbreviation for wideband.

WWE

  Chinese equivalent: WWE

  Abbreviation for wake word engine.

YUV

  Chinese equivalent: YUV

  A color model typically used as part of a color image pipeline.

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