GPIO & RTC GPIO¶

Overview¶

Application Example¶

GPIO output and input interrupt example: peripherals/gpio/generic_gpio.

API Reference - Normal GPIO¶

Header File¶

driver/include/driver/gpio.h

Functions¶

esp_err_t gpio_config(const gpio_config_t *pGPIOConfig)¶

GPIO common configuration.

   Configure GPIO's Mode,pull-up,PullDown,IntrType

Return

ESP_OK success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG Parameter error

Parameters

pGPIOConfig: Pointer to GPIO configure struct

esp_err_t gpio_reset_pin(gpio_num_t gpio_num)¶

Reset an gpio to default state (select gpio function, enable pullup and disable input and output).

Note

This function also configures the IOMUX for this pin to the GPIO function, and disconnects any other peripheral output configured via GPIO Matrix.

Return

Always return ESP_OK.

Parameters

gpio_num: GPIO number.

esp_err_t gpio_set_intr_type(gpio_num_t gpio_num, gpio_int_type_t intr_type)¶

GPIO set interrupt trigger type.

Return

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG Parameter error

Parameters

gpio_num: GPIO number. If you want to set the trigger type of e.g. of GPIO16, gpio_num should be GPIO_NUM_16 (16);
intr_type: Interrupt type, select from gpio_int_type_t

esp_err_t gpio_intr_enable(gpio_num_t gpio_num)¶

Enable GPIO module interrupt signal.

Note

Please do not use the interrupt of GPIO36 and GPIO39 when using ADC or Wi-Fi with sleep mode enabled. Please refer to the comments of adc1_get_raw. Please refer to section 3.11 of ‘ECO_and_Workarounds_for_Bugs_in_ESP32’ for the description of this issue. As a workaround, call adc_power_acquire() in the app. This will result in higher power consumption (by ~1mA), but will remove the glitches on GPIO36 and GPIO39.

Return

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG Parameter error

Parameters

gpio_num: GPIO number. If you want to enable an interrupt on e.g. GPIO16, gpio_num should be GPIO_NUM_16 (16);

esp_err_t gpio_intr_disable(gpio_num_t gpio_num)¶

Disable GPIO module interrupt signal.

Return

ESP_OK success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG Parameter error

Parameters

gpio_num: GPIO number. If you want to disable the interrupt of e.g. GPIO16, gpio_num should be GPIO_NUM_16 (16);

esp_err_t gpio_set_level(gpio_num_t gpio_num, uint32_t level)¶

GPIO set output level.

Return

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG GPIO number error

Parameters

gpio_num: GPIO number. If you want to set the output level of e.g. GPIO16, gpio_num should be GPIO_NUM_16 (16);
level: Output level. 0: low ; 1: high

int gpio_get_level(gpio_num_t gpio_num)¶

GPIO get input level.

Warning

If the pad is not configured for input (or input and output) the returned value is always 0.

Return

0 the GPIO input level is 0
1 the GPIO input level is 1

Parameters

gpio_num: GPIO number. If you want to get the logic level of e.g. pin GPIO16, gpio_num should be GPIO_NUM_16 (16);

esp_err_t gpio_set_direction(gpio_num_t gpio_num, gpio_mode_t mode)¶

GPIO set direction.

Configure GPIO direction,such as output_only,input_only,output_and_input

Return

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG GPIO error

Parameters

gpio_num: Configure GPIO pins number, it should be GPIO number. If you want to set direction of e.g. GPIO16, gpio_num should be GPIO_NUM_16 (16);
mode: GPIO direction

esp_err_t gpio_set_pull_mode(gpio_num_t gpio_num, gpio_pull_mode_t pull)¶

Configure GPIO pull-up/pull-down resistors.

Only pins that support both input & output have integrated pull-up and pull-down resistors. Input-only GPIOs 34-39 do not.

Return

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG : Parameter error

Parameters

gpio_num: GPIO number. If you want to set pull up or down mode for e.g. GPIO16, gpio_num should be GPIO_NUM_16 (16);
pull: GPIO pull up/down mode.

esp_err_t gpio_wakeup_enable(gpio_num_t gpio_num, gpio_int_type_t intr_type)¶

Enable GPIO wake-up function.

Return

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG Parameter error

Parameters

gpio_num: GPIO number.
intr_type: GPIO wake-up type. Only GPIO_INTR_LOW_LEVEL or GPIO_INTR_HIGH_LEVEL can be used.

esp_err_t gpio_wakeup_disable(gpio_num_t gpio_num)¶

Disable GPIO wake-up function.

Return

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG Parameter error

Parameters

gpio_num: GPIO number

esp_err_t gpio_isr_register(void (*fn)(void *), void *arg, int intr_alloc_flags, gpio_isr_handle_t *handle, )¶

Register GPIO interrupt handler, the handler is an ISR. The handler will be attached to the same CPU core that this function is running on.

This ISR function is called whenever any GPIO interrupt occurs. See the alternative gpio_install_isr_service() and gpio_isr_handler_add() API in order to have the driver support per-GPIO ISRs.

To disable or remove the ISR, pass the returned handle to the interrupt allocation functions.

Parameters

fn: Interrupt handler function.
intr_alloc_flags: Flags used to allocate the interrupt. One or multiple (ORred) ESP_INTR_FLAG_* values. See esp_intr_alloc.h for more info.
arg: Parameter for handler function
handle: Pointer to return handle. If non-NULL, a handle for the interrupt will be returned here.

Return

ESP_OK Success ;
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG GPIO error
ESP_ERR_NOT_FOUND No free interrupt found with the specified flags

esp_err_t gpio_pullup_en(gpio_num_t gpio_num)¶

Enable pull-up on GPIO.

Return

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG Parameter error

Parameters

gpio_num: GPIO number

esp_err_t gpio_pullup_dis(gpio_num_t gpio_num)¶

Disable pull-up on GPIO.

Return

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG Parameter error

Parameters

gpio_num: GPIO number

esp_err_t gpio_pulldown_en(gpio_num_t gpio_num)¶

Enable pull-down on GPIO.

Return

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG Parameter error

Parameters

gpio_num: GPIO number

esp_err_t gpio_pulldown_dis(gpio_num_t gpio_num)¶

Disable pull-down on GPIO.

Return

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG Parameter error

Parameters

gpio_num: GPIO number

esp_err_t gpio_install_isr_service(int intr_alloc_flags)¶

Install the driver’s GPIO ISR handler service, which allows per-pin GPIO interrupt handlers.

This function is incompatible with gpio_isr_register() - if that function is used, a single global ISR is registered for all GPIO interrupts. If this function is used, the ISR service provides a global GPIO ISR and individual pin handlers are registered via the gpio_isr_handler_add() function.

Return

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_NO_MEM No memory to install this service
ESP_ERR_INVALID_STATE ISR service already installed.
ESP_ERR_NOT_FOUND No free interrupt found with the specified flags
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG GPIO error

Parameters

intr_alloc_flags: Flags used to allocate the interrupt. One or multiple (ORred) ESP_INTR_FLAG_* values. See esp_intr_alloc.h for more info.

void gpio_uninstall_isr_service(void)¶: Uninstall the driver’s GPIO ISR service, freeing related resources.

esp_err_t gpio_isr_handler_add(gpio_num_t gpio_num, gpio_isr_t isr_handler, void *args)¶

Add ISR handler for the corresponding GPIO pin.

Call this function after using gpio_install_isr_service() to install the driver’s GPIO ISR handler service.

The pin ISR handlers no longer need to be declared with IRAM_ATTR, unless you pass the ESP_INTR_FLAG_IRAM flag when allocating the ISR in gpio_install_isr_service().

This ISR handler will be called from an ISR. So there is a stack size limit (configurable as “ISR stack size” in menuconfig). This limit is smaller compared to a global GPIO interrupt handler due to the additional level of indirection.

Return

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_STATE Wrong state, the ISR service has not been initialized.
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG Parameter error

Parameters

gpio_num: GPIO number
isr_handler: ISR handler function for the corresponding GPIO number.
args: parameter for ISR handler.

esp_err_t gpio_isr_handler_remove(gpio_num_t gpio_num)¶

Remove ISR handler for the corresponding GPIO pin.

Return

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_STATE Wrong state, the ISR service has not been initialized.
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG Parameter error

Parameters

gpio_num: GPIO number

esp_err_t gpio_set_drive_capability(gpio_num_t gpio_num, gpio_drive_cap_t strength)¶

Set GPIO pad drive capability.

Return

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG Parameter error

Parameters

gpio_num: GPIO number, only support output GPIOs
strength: Drive capability of the pad

esp_err_t gpio_get_drive_capability(gpio_num_t gpio_num, gpio_drive_cap_t *strength)¶

Get GPIO pad drive capability.

Return

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG Parameter error

Parameters

gpio_num: GPIO number, only support output GPIOs
strength: Pointer to accept drive capability of the pad

esp_err_t gpio_hold_en(gpio_num_t gpio_num)¶

Enable gpio pad hold function.

The gpio pad hold function works in both input and output modes, but must be output-capable gpios. If pad hold enabled: in output mode: the output level of the pad will be force locked and can not be changed. in input mode: the input value read will not change, regardless the changes of input signal.

The state of digital gpio cannot be held during Deep-sleep, and it will resume the hold function when the chip wakes up from Deep-sleep. If the digital gpio also needs to be held during Deep-sleep, gpio_deep_sleep_hold_en should also be called.

Power down or call gpio_hold_dis will disable this function.

Return

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_NOT_SUPPORTED Not support pad hold function

Parameters

gpio_num: GPIO number, only support output-capable GPIOs

esp_err_t gpio_hold_dis(gpio_num_t gpio_num)¶

Disable gpio pad hold function.

When the chip is woken up from Deep-sleep, the gpio will be set to the default mode, so, the gpio will output the default level if this function is called. If you don’t want the level changes, the gpio should be configured to a known state before this function is called. e.g. If you hold gpio18 high during Deep-sleep, after the chip is woken up and gpio_hold_dis is called, gpio18 will output low level(because gpio18 is input mode by default). If you don’t want this behavior, you should configure gpio18 as output mode and set it to hight level before calling gpio_hold_dis.

Return

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_NOT_SUPPORTED Not support pad hold function

Parameters

gpio_num: GPIO number, only support output-capable GPIOs

void gpio_deep_sleep_hold_en(void)¶

Enable all digital gpio pad hold function during Deep-sleep.

When the chip is in Deep-sleep mode, all digital gpio will hold the state before sleep, and when the chip is woken up, the status of digital gpio will not be held. Note that the pad hold feature only works when the chip is in Deep-sleep mode, when not in sleep mode, the digital gpio state can be changed even you have called this function.

Power down or call gpio_hold_dis will disable this function, otherwise, the digital gpio hold feature works as long as the chip enter Deep-sleep.

void gpio_deep_sleep_hold_dis(void)¶: Disable all digital gpio pad hold function during Deep-sleep.

void gpio_iomux_in(uint32_t gpio_num, uint32_t signal_idx)¶

Set pad input to a peripheral signal through the IOMUX.

Parameters

gpio_num: GPIO number of the pad.
signal_idx: Peripheral signal id to input. One of the *_IN_IDX signals in soc/gpio_sig_map.h.

void gpio_iomux_out(uint8_t gpio_num, int func, bool oen_inv)¶

Set peripheral output to an GPIO pad through the IOMUX.

Parameters

gpio_num: gpio_num GPIO number of the pad.
func: The function number of the peripheral pin to output pin. One of the FUNC_X_* of specified pin (X) in soc/io_mux_reg.h.
oen_inv: True if the output enable needs to be inverted, otherwise False.

esp_err_t gpio_force_hold_all(void)¶

Force hold digital and rtc gpio pad.

Note: GPIO force hold, whether the chip in sleep mode or wakeup mode.

esp_err_t gpio_force_unhold_all(void)¶

Force unhold digital and rtc gpio pad.

Note: GPIO force unhold, whether the chip in sleep mode or wakeup mode.

esp_err_t gpio_sleep_sel_en(gpio_num_t gpio_num)¶

Enable SLP_SEL to change GPIO status automantically in lightsleep.

Return

ESP_OK Success

Parameters

gpio_num: GPIO number of the pad.

esp_err_t gpio_sleep_sel_dis(gpio_num_t gpio_num)¶

Disable SLP_SEL to change GPIO status automantically in lightsleep.

Return

ESP_OK Success

Parameters

gpio_num: GPIO number of the pad.

esp_err_t gpio_sleep_set_direction(gpio_num_t gpio_num, gpio_mode_t mode)¶

GPIO set direction at sleep.

Configure GPIO direction,such as output_only,input_only,output_and_input

Return

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG GPIO error

Parameters

gpio_num: Configure GPIO pins number, it should be GPIO number. If you want to set direction of e.g. GPIO16, gpio_num should be GPIO_NUM_16 (16);
mode: GPIO direction

esp_err_t gpio_sleep_set_pull_mode(gpio_num_t gpio_num, gpio_pull_mode_t pull)¶

Configure GPIO pull-up/pull-down resistors at sleep.

Only pins that support both input & output have integrated pull-up and pull-down resistors. Input-only GPIOs 34-39 do not.

Return

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG : Parameter error

Parameters

gpio_num: GPIO number. If you want to set pull up or down mode for e.g. GPIO16, gpio_num should be GPIO_NUM_16 (16);
pull: GPIO pull up/down mode.

esp_err_t gpio_deep_sleep_wakeup_enable(gpio_num_t gpio_num, gpio_int_type_t intr_type)¶

Enable GPIO deep-sleep wake-up function.

Note

Called by the SDK. User shouldn’t call this directly in the APP.

Return

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG Parameter error

Parameters

gpio_num: GPIO number.
intr_type: GPIO wake-up type. Only GPIO_INTR_LOW_LEVEL or GPIO_INTR_HIGH_LEVEL can be used.

esp_err_t gpio_deep_sleep_wakeup_disable(gpio_num_t gpio_num)¶

Disable GPIO deep-sleep wake-up function.

Return

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG Parameter error

Parameters

gpio_num: GPIO number

Macros¶

GPIO_PIN_COUNT¶

GPIO_IS_VALID_GPIO(gpio_num)¶: Check whether it is a valid GPIO number.

GPIO_IS_VALID_OUTPUT_GPIO(gpio_num)¶: Check whether it can be a valid GPIO number of output mode.

GPIO_IS_DEEP_SLEEP_WAKEUP_VALID_GPIO(gpio_num)¶

Type Definitions¶

typedef intr_handle_t gpio_isr_handle_t¶

Header File¶

hal/include/hal/gpio_types.h

Structures¶

struct gpio_config_t¶

Configuration parameters of GPIO pad for gpio_config function.

Public Members

uint64_t pin_bit_mask¶: GPIO pin: set with bit mask, each bit maps to a GPIO

gpio_mode_t mode¶: GPIO mode: set input/output mode

gpio_pullup_t pull_up_en¶: GPIO pull-up

gpio_pulldown_t pull_down_en¶: GPIO pull-down

gpio_int_type_t intr_type¶: GPIO interrupt type

Macros¶

GPIO_SEL_0¶: Pin 0 selected

GPIO_SEL_1¶: Pin 1 selected

GPIO_SEL_2¶: Pin 2 selected

GPIO_SEL_3¶: Pin 3 selected

GPIO_SEL_4¶: Pin 4 selected

GPIO_SEL_5¶: Pin 5 selected

GPIO_SEL_6¶: Pin 6 selected

GPIO_SEL_7¶: Pin 7 selected

GPIO_SEL_8¶: Pin 8 selected

GPIO_SEL_9¶: Pin 9 selected

GPIO_SEL_10¶: Pin 10 selected

GPIO_SEL_11¶: Pin 11 selected

GPIO_SEL_12¶: Pin 12 selected

GPIO_SEL_13¶: Pin 13 selected

GPIO_SEL_14¶: Pin 14 selected

GPIO_SEL_15¶: Pin 15 selected

GPIO_SEL_16¶: Pin 16 selected

GPIO_SEL_17¶: Pin 17 selected

GPIO_SEL_18¶: Pin 18 selected

GPIO_SEL_19¶: Pin 19 selected

GPIO_SEL_20¶: Pin 20 selected

GPIO_SEL_21¶: Pin 21 selected

GPIO_SEL_26¶: Pin 26 selected

GPIO_SEL_27¶: Pin 27 selected

GPIO_SEL_28¶: Pin 28 selected

GPIO_SEL_29¶: Pin 29 selected

GPIO_SEL_30¶: Pin 30 selected

GPIO_SEL_31¶: Pin 31 selected

GPIO_SEL_32¶: Pin 32 selected

GPIO_SEL_33¶: Pin 33 selected

GPIO_SEL_34¶: Pin 34 selected

GPIO_SEL_35¶: Pin 35 selected

GPIO_SEL_36¶: Pin 36 selected

GPIO_SEL_37¶: Pin 37 selected

GPIO_SEL_38¶: Pin 38 selected

GPIO_SEL_39¶: Pin 39 selected

GPIO_PIN_REG_0¶

GPIO_PIN_REG_1¶

GPIO_PIN_REG_2¶

GPIO_PIN_REG_3¶

GPIO_PIN_REG_4¶

GPIO_PIN_REG_5¶

GPIO_PIN_REG_6¶

GPIO_PIN_REG_7¶

GPIO_PIN_REG_8¶

GPIO_PIN_REG_9¶

GPIO_PIN_REG_10¶

GPIO_PIN_REG_11¶

GPIO_PIN_REG_12¶

GPIO_PIN_REG_13¶

GPIO_PIN_REG_14¶

GPIO_PIN_REG_15¶

GPIO_PIN_REG_16¶

GPIO_PIN_REG_17¶

GPIO_PIN_REG_18¶

GPIO_PIN_REG_19¶

GPIO_PIN_REG_20¶

GPIO_PIN_REG_21¶

GPIO_PIN_REG_22¶

GPIO_PIN_REG_23¶

GPIO_PIN_REG_24¶

GPIO_PIN_REG_25¶

GPIO_PIN_REG_26¶

GPIO_PIN_REG_27¶

GPIO_PIN_REG_28¶

GPIO_PIN_REG_29¶

GPIO_PIN_REG_30¶

GPIO_PIN_REG_31¶

GPIO_PIN_REG_32¶

GPIO_PIN_REG_33¶

GPIO_PIN_REG_34¶

GPIO_PIN_REG_35¶

GPIO_PIN_REG_36¶

GPIO_PIN_REG_37¶

GPIO_PIN_REG_38¶

GPIO_PIN_REG_39¶

GPIO_PIN_REG_40¶

GPIO_PIN_REG_41¶

GPIO_PIN_REG_42¶

GPIO_PIN_REG_43¶

GPIO_PIN_REG_44¶

GPIO_PIN_REG_45¶

GPIO_PIN_REG_46¶

Type Definitions¶

typedef void (*gpio_isr_t)(void *)¶

Enumerations¶

enum gpio_port_t¶

Values:

GPIO_PORT_0 = 0¶

GPIO_PORT_MAX¶

enum gpio_num_t¶

Values:

GPIO_NUM_NC = -1¶: Use to signal not connected to S/W

GPIO_NUM_0 = 0¶: GPIO0, input and output

GPIO_NUM_1 = 1¶: GPIO1, input and output

GPIO_NUM_2 = 2¶: GPIO2, input and output

GPIO_NUM_3 = 3¶: GPIO3, input and output

GPIO_NUM_4 = 4¶: GPIO4, input and output

GPIO_NUM_5 = 5¶: GPIO5, input and output

GPIO_NUM_6 = 6¶: GPIO6, input and output

GPIO_NUM_7 = 7¶: GPIO7, input and output

GPIO_NUM_8 = 8¶: GPIO8, input and output

GPIO_NUM_9 = 9¶: GPIO9, input and output

GPIO_NUM_10 = 10¶: GPIO10, input and output

GPIO_NUM_11 = 11¶: GPIO11, input and output

GPIO_NUM_12 = 12¶: GPIO12, input and output

GPIO_NUM_13 = 13¶: GPIO13, input and output

GPIO_NUM_14 = 14¶: GPIO14, input and output

GPIO_NUM_15 = 15¶: GPIO15, input and output

GPIO_NUM_16 = 16¶: GPIO16, input and output

GPIO_NUM_17 = 17¶: GPIO17, input and output

GPIO_NUM_18 = 18¶: GPIO18, input and output

GPIO_NUM_19 = 19¶: GPIO19, input and output

GPIO_NUM_20 = 20¶: GPIO20, input and output

GPIO_NUM_21 = 21¶: GPIO21, input and output

GPIO_NUM_22 = 22¶: GPIO22, input and output

GPIO_NUM_MAX¶

enum gpio_int_type_t¶

Values:

GPIO_INTR_DISABLE = 0¶: Disable GPIO interrupt

GPIO_INTR_POSEDGE = 1¶: GPIO interrupt type : rising edge

GPIO_INTR_NEGEDGE = 2¶: GPIO interrupt type : falling edge

GPIO_INTR_ANYEDGE = 3¶: GPIO interrupt type : both rising and falling edge

GPIO_INTR_LOW_LEVEL = 4¶: GPIO interrupt type : input low level trigger

GPIO_INTR_HIGH_LEVEL = 5¶: GPIO interrupt type : input high level trigger

GPIO_INTR_MAX¶

enum gpio_mode_t¶

Values:

GPIO_MODE_DISABLE = (0)¶: GPIO mode : disable input and output

GPIO_MODE_INPUT = (BIT0)¶: GPIO mode : input only

GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT = (BIT1)¶: GPIO mode : output only mode

GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_OD = (((BIT1)) | ((BIT2)))¶: GPIO mode : output only with open-drain mode

GPIO_MODE_INPUT_OUTPUT_OD = (((BIT0)) | ((BIT1)) | ((BIT2)))¶: GPIO mode : output and input with open-drain mode

GPIO_MODE_INPUT_OUTPUT = (((BIT0)) | ((BIT1)))¶: GPIO mode : output and input mode

enum gpio_pullup_t¶

Values:

GPIO_PULLUP_DISABLE = 0x0¶: Disable GPIO pull-up resistor

GPIO_PULLUP_ENABLE = 0x1¶: Enable GPIO pull-up resistor

enum gpio_pulldown_t¶

Values:

GPIO_PULLDOWN_DISABLE = 0x0¶: Disable GPIO pull-down resistor

GPIO_PULLDOWN_ENABLE = 0x1¶: Enable GPIO pull-down resistor

enum gpio_pull_mode_t¶

Values:

GPIO_PULLUP_ONLY¶: Pad pull up

GPIO_PULLDOWN_ONLY¶: Pad pull down

GPIO_PULLUP_PULLDOWN¶: Pad pull up + pull down

GPIO_FLOATING¶: Pad floating

enum gpio_drive_cap_t¶

Values:

GPIO_DRIVE_CAP_0 = 0¶: Pad drive capability: weak

GPIO_DRIVE_CAP_1 = 1¶: Pad drive capability: stronger

GPIO_DRIVE_CAP_2 = 2¶: Pad drive capability: medium

GPIO_DRIVE_CAP_DEFAULT = 2¶: Pad drive capability: medium

GPIO_DRIVE_CAP_3 = 3¶: Pad drive capability: strongest

GPIO_DRIVE_CAP_MAX¶

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