GPIO & RTC GPIO

GPIO Summary

The ESP32-C5 chip features 29 physical GPIO pins (GPIO0 ~ GPIO28). Each pin can be used as a general-purpose I/O, or to be connected to an internal peripheral signal. Through GPIO matrix and IO MUX, peripheral input signals can be from any IO pins, and peripheral output signals can be routed to any IO pins. Together these modules provide highly configurable I/O. For more details, see ESP32-C5 Technical Reference Manual > IO MUX and GPIO Matrix (GPIO, IO_MUX) [PDF].

The table below provides more information on pin usage, and please note the comments in the table for GPIOs with restrictions.

GPIO	Analog Function	LP GPIO	Comments
GPIO0	LP_GPIO0
GPIO1	ADC1_CH0	LP_GPIO1
GPIO2	ADC1_CH1	LP_GPIO2	Strapping pin
GPIO3	ADC1_CH2	LP_GPIO3
GPIO4	ADC1_CH3	LP_GPIO4
GPIO5	ADC1_CH4	LP_GPIO5
GPIO6	ADC1_CH5	LP_GPIO6
GPIO7		LP_GPIO7	Strapping pin
GPIO8
GPIO9
GPIO10
GPIO11
GPIO12
GPIO13			USB-JTAG
GPIO14			USB-JTAG
GPIO15
GPIO16			SPI0/1
GPIO17			SPI0/1
GPIO18			SPI0/1
GPIO19			SPI0/1
GPIO20			SPI0/1
GPIO21			SPI0/1
GPIO22			SPI0/1
GPIO23
GPIO24
GPIO25
GPIO26
GPIO27			Strapping pin
GPIO28			Strapping pin

Note

Strapping pin: GPIO2, GPIO7, GPIO27, and GPIO28 are strapping pins. For more information, please refer to datasheet.
- SPI0/1: GPIO16 ~ GPIO22 are usually used for SPI flash and not recommended for other uses.
- USB-JTAG: GPIO13 and GPIO14 are used by USB-JTAG by default. If they are reconfigured to operate as normal GPIOs, USB-JTAG functionality will be disabled.

There is also separate "RTC GPIO" support, which functions when GPIOs are routed to the "RTC" low-power, analog subsystem, and Low-Power(LP) peripherals. These pin functions can be used when:

In Deep-sleep mode
The Ultra Low Power LP-Core co-processor is running
Analog functions such as ADC/DAC/etc are in use
LP peripherals, such as LP_UART, LP_I2C, are in use

IO Configuration

An IO can be used in two ways:

As a simple GPIO input to read the level on the pin, or as a simple GPIO output to output the desired level on the pin.
As a peripheral signal input/output.

IDF peripheral drivers always take care of the necessary IO configurations that need to be applied onto the pins, so that they can be used as the peripheral signal inputs or outputs. This means the users usually only need to be responsible for configuring the IOs as simple inputs or outputs. gpio_config() is an all-in-one API that can be used to configure the I/O mode, internal pull-up/pull-down resistors, etc. for pins.

In some applications, an IO pin can serve dual purposes. For example, the IO, which outputs a LEDC PWM signal, can also act as a GPIO input to generate interrupts or GPIO ETM events. Careful handling on the configuration step is necessary for such dual use of IO pins cases. gpio_config() is an API that overwrites all the current configurations, so it must be called to set the pin mode to gpio_mode_t::GPIO_MODE_INPUT before calling the LEDC driver API which connects the output signal to the pin. As an alternative, if no other configuration is needed other than making the pin input enabled, gpio_input_enable() can be the one to call at any time to achieve the same purpose.

Check Current Configuration of IOs

GPIO driver offers a dump function gpio_dump_io_configuration() to show the current configurations of IOs, such as pull-up/pull-down, input/output enable, pin mapping, etc. Below is an example of how to dump the configuration of GPIO4, GPIO18, and GPIO26:

gpio_dump_io_configuration(stdout, (1ULL << 4) | (1ULL << 18) | (1ULL << 26));

The dump will be like this:

================IO DUMP Start================
IO[4] -
  Pullup: 1, Pulldown: 0, DriveCap: 2
  InputEn: 1, OutputEn: 0, OpenDrain: 0
  FuncSel: 1 (GPIO)
  GPIO Matrix SigIn ID: (simple GPIO input)
  SleepSelEn: 1

IO[18] -
  Pullup: 0, Pulldown: 0, DriveCap: 2
  InputEn: 0, OutputEn: 1, OpenDrain: 0
  FuncSel: 1 (GPIO)
  GPIO Matrix SigOut ID: 256 (simple GPIO output)
  SleepSelEn: 1

IO[26] **RESERVED** -
  Pullup: 1, Pulldown: 0, DriveCap: 2
  InputEn: 1, OutputEn: 0, OpenDrain: 0
  FuncSel: 0 (IOMUX)
  SleepSelEn: 1

=================IO DUMP End==================

In addition, if you would like to dump the configurations of all IOs, you can use:

gpio_dump_all_io_configuration(stdout, SOC_GPIO_VALID_GPIO_MASK);

If an IO pin is routed to a peripheral signal through the GPIO matrix, the signal ID printed in the dump information is defined in the soc/esp32c5/include/soc/gpio_sig_map.h header file. The word **RESERVED** indicates the IO is occupied by either SPI flash or PSRAM. It is strongly not recommended to reconfigure them for other application purposes.

Do not rely on the default configurations values in the Technical Reference Manual, because it may be changed in the bootloader or application startup code before app_main.

Configure USB PHY Pins to GPIO

To configure the USB PHY pins to GPIO, you can use the function gpio_config(). Below is an example of how to configure the USB PHY pins to GPIO:

gpio_config_t usb_phy_conf = {
    .pin_bit_mask = (1ULL << USB_PHY_DP_PIN) | (1ULL << USB_PHY_DM_PIN),
    .mode = GPIO_MODE_INPUT_OUTPUT,
    .pull_up_en = 0,
    .pull_down_en = 0,
    .intr_type = GPIO_INTR_DISABLE,
};
gpio_config(&usb_phy_conf);

GPIO Glitch Filter

The ESP32-C5 chip features hardware filters to remove unwanted glitch pulses from the input GPIO, which can help reduce false triggering of the interrupt and prevent a noise being routed to the peripheral side.

Each GPIO can be configured with a glitch filter, which can be used to filter out pulses shorter than two sample clock cycles. The duration of the filter is not configurable. The sample clock is the clock source of the IO_MUX. In the driver, we call this kind of filter as pin glitch filter. You can create the filter handle by calling gpio_new_pin_glitch_filter(). All the configurations for a pin glitch filter are listed in the gpio_pin_glitch_filter_config_t structure.

gpio_pin_glitch_filter_config_t::gpio_num sets the GPIO number to enable the glitch filter.

ESP32-C5 provides 8 flexible glitch filters, whose duration is configurable. We refer to this kind of filter as flex flitch filter. Each of them can be applied to any input GPIO. However, applying multiple filters to the same GPIO does not make difference from one. You can create the filter handle by calling gpio_new_flex_glitch_filter(). All the configurations for a flexible glitch filter are listed in the gpio_flex_glitch_filter_config_t structure.

gpio_flex_glitch_filter_config_t::gpio_num sets the GPIO that will be applied to the flex glitch filter.
gpio_flex_glitch_filter_config_t::window_width_ns and gpio_flex_glitch_filter_config_t::window_thres_ns are the key parameters of the glitch filter. During gpio_flex_glitch_filter_config_t::window_width_ns, any pulse whose width is shorter than gpio_flex_glitch_filter_config_t::window_thres_ns will be discarded. Please note that, you can not set gpio_flex_glitch_filter_config_t::window_thres_ns bigger than gpio_flex_glitch_filter_config_t::window_width_ns.

Please note, the pin glitch filter and flex glitch filter are independent. You can enable both of them for the same GPIO.

The glitch filter is disabled by default, and can be enabled by calling gpio_glitch_filter_enable(). To recycle the filter, you can call gpio_del_glitch_filter(). Please note, before deleting the filter, you should disable it first by calling gpio_glitch_filter_disable().

GPIO Hysteresis Filter

ESP32-C5 support the hardware hysteresis of the input pin, which can reduce the GPIO interrupt shoot by accident due to unstable sampling when the input voltage is near the criteria of logic 0 and 1, especially when the input logic level conversion is slow or the voltage setup time is too long.

Each pin can enable hysteresis function independently. By default, the function is not enabled. You can select the hysteresis control mode by configuring gpio_config_t::hys_ctrl_mode. Hysteresis control mode is set along with all the other GPIO configurations in gpio_config().

Application Example

peripherals/gpio/generic_gpio demonstrates how to configure GPIO to generate pulses and use it with interruption.

API Reference - Normal GPIO

Header File

components/esp_driver_gpio/include/driver/gpio.h
This header file can be included with:
#include "driver/gpio.h"
This header file is a part of the API provided by the esp_driver_gpio component. To declare that your component depends on esp_driver_gpio, add the following to your CMakeLists.txt:
REQUIRES esp_driver_gpio
or
PRIV_REQUIRES esp_driver_gpio

Functions

esp_err_t gpio_config(const gpio_config_t *pGPIOConfig)

GPIO common configuration.

   Configure GPIO's Mode,pull-up,PullDown,IntrType

Note

This function always overwrite all the current IO configurations

Parameters

pGPIOConfig -- Pointer to GPIO configure struct

Returns

ESP_OK success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG Parameter error

esp_err_t gpio_reset_pin(gpio_num_t gpio_num)

Reset an gpio to default state (select gpio function, enable pullup and disable input and output).

Note

This function also configures the IOMUX for this pin to the GPIO function, and disconnects any other peripheral output configured via GPIO Matrix.

Parameters: gpio_num -- GPIO number.
Returns: Always return ESP_OK.

esp_err_t gpio_set_intr_type(gpio_num_t gpio_num, gpio_int_type_t intr_type)

GPIO set interrupt trigger type.

Parameters

gpio_num -- GPIO number. If you want to set the trigger type of e.g. of GPIO16, gpio_num should be GPIO_NUM_16 (16);
intr_type -- Interrupt type, select from gpio_int_type_t

Returns

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG Parameter error

esp_err_t gpio_intr_enable(gpio_num_t gpio_num)

Enable GPIO module interrupt signal.

Note

ESP32: Please do not use the interrupt of GPIO36 and GPIO39 when using ADC or Wi-Fi and Bluetooth with sleep mode enabled. Please refer to the comments of adc1_get_raw. Please refer to Section 3.11 of ESP32 ECO and Workarounds for Bugs for the description of this issue.

Parameters

gpio_num -- GPIO number. If you want to enable an interrupt on e.g. GPIO16, gpio_num should be GPIO_NUM_16 (16);

Returns

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG Parameter error

esp_err_t gpio_intr_disable(gpio_num_t gpio_num)

Disable GPIO module interrupt signal.

Note

This function is allowed to be executed when Cache is disabled within ISR context, by enabling CONFIG_GPIO_CTRL_FUNC_IN_IRAM

Parameters

gpio_num -- GPIO number. If you want to disable the interrupt of e.g. GPIO16, gpio_num should be GPIO_NUM_16 (16);

Returns

ESP_OK success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG Parameter error

esp_err_t gpio_set_level(gpio_num_t gpio_num, uint32_t level)

GPIO set output level.

Note

This function is allowed to be executed when Cache is disabled within ISR context, by enabling CONFIG_GPIO_CTRL_FUNC_IN_IRAM

Parameters

gpio_num -- GPIO number. If you want to set the output level of e.g. GPIO16, gpio_num should be GPIO_NUM_16 (16);
level -- Output level. 0: low ; 1: high

Returns

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG GPIO number error

int gpio_get_level(gpio_num_t gpio_num)

GPIO get input level.

Warning

If the pad is not configured for input (or input and output) the returned value is always 0.

Parameters

gpio_num -- GPIO number. If you want to get the logic level of e.g. pin GPIO16, gpio_num should be GPIO_NUM_16 (16);

Returns

0 the GPIO input level is 0
1 the GPIO input level is 1

esp_err_t gpio_set_direction(gpio_num_t gpio_num, gpio_mode_t mode)

GPIO set direction.

Configure GPIO mode,such as output_only,input_only,output_and_input

Note

This function always overwrite all the current modes that have applied on the IO pin

Parameters

gpio_num -- Configure GPIO pins number, it should be GPIO number. If you want to set direction of e.g. GPIO16, gpio_num should be GPIO_NUM_16 (16);
mode -- GPIO direction

Returns

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG GPIO error

esp_err_t gpio_input_enable(gpio_num_t gpio_num)

Enable input for an IO.

Parameters

gpio_num -- GPIO number

Returns

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG GPIO number error

esp_err_t gpio_set_pull_mode(gpio_num_t gpio_num, gpio_pull_mode_t pull)

Configure GPIO internal pull-up/pull-down resistors.

Note

This function always overwrite the current pull-up/pull-down configurations

Note

ESP32: Only pins that support both input & output have integrated pull-up and pull-down resistors. Input-only GPIOs 34-39 do not.

Parameters

gpio_num -- GPIO number. If you want to set pull up or down mode for e.g. GPIO16, gpio_num should be GPIO_NUM_16 (16);
pull -- GPIO pull up/down mode.

Returns

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG : Parameter error

esp_err_t gpio_wakeup_enable(gpio_num_t gpio_num, gpio_int_type_t intr_type)

Enable GPIO wake-up function.

Parameters

gpio_num -- GPIO number.
intr_type -- GPIO wake-up type. Only GPIO_INTR_LOW_LEVEL or GPIO_INTR_HIGH_LEVEL can be used.

Returns

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG Parameter error

esp_err_t gpio_wakeup_disable(gpio_num_t gpio_num)

Disable GPIO wake-up function.

Parameters

gpio_num -- GPIO number

Returns

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG Parameter error

esp_err_t gpio_isr_register(void (*fn)(void*), void *arg, int intr_alloc_flags, gpio_isr_handle_t *handle)

Register GPIO interrupt handler, the handler is an ISR. The handler will be attached to the same CPU core that this function is running on.

This ISR function is called whenever any GPIO interrupt occurs. See the alternative gpio_install_isr_service() and gpio_isr_handler_add() API in order to have the driver support per-GPIO ISRs.

To disable or remove the ISR, pass the returned handle to the interrupt allocation functions.

Parameters

fn -- Interrupt handler function.
arg -- Parameter for handler function
intr_alloc_flags -- Flags used to allocate the interrupt. One or multiple (ORred) ESP_INTR_FLAG_* values. See esp_intr_alloc.h for more info.
handle -- Pointer to return handle. If non-NULL, a handle for the interrupt will be returned here.

Returns

ESP_OK Success ;
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG GPIO error
ESP_ERR_NOT_FOUND No free interrupt found with the specified flags

esp_err_t gpio_pullup_en(gpio_num_t gpio_num)

Enable pull-up on GPIO.

Parameters

gpio_num -- GPIO number

Returns

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG Parameter error

esp_err_t gpio_pullup_dis(gpio_num_t gpio_num)

Disable pull-up on GPIO.

Parameters

gpio_num -- GPIO number

Returns

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG Parameter error

esp_err_t gpio_pulldown_en(gpio_num_t gpio_num)

Enable pull-down on GPIO.

Parameters

gpio_num -- GPIO number

Returns

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG Parameter error

esp_err_t gpio_pulldown_dis(gpio_num_t gpio_num)

Disable pull-down on GPIO.

Parameters

gpio_num -- GPIO number

Returns

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG Parameter error

esp_err_t gpio_install_isr_service(int intr_alloc_flags)

Install the GPIO driver's ETS_GPIO_INTR_SOURCE ISR handler service, which allows per-pin GPIO interrupt handlers.

This function is incompatible with gpio_isr_register() - if that function is used, a single global ISR is registered for all GPIO interrupts. If this function is used, the ISR service provides a global GPIO ISR and individual pin handlers are registered via the gpio_isr_handler_add() function.

Parameters

intr_alloc_flags -- Flags used to allocate the interrupt. One or multiple (ORred) ESP_INTR_FLAG_* values. See esp_intr_alloc.h for more info.

Returns

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_NO_MEM No memory to install this service
ESP_ERR_INVALID_STATE ISR service already installed.
ESP_ERR_NOT_FOUND No free interrupt found with the specified flags
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG GPIO error

void gpio_uninstall_isr_service(void): Uninstall the driver's GPIO ISR service, freeing related resources.

esp_err_t gpio_isr_handler_add(gpio_num_t gpio_num, gpio_isr_t isr_handler, void *args)

Add ISR handler for the corresponding GPIO pin.

Call this function after using gpio_install_isr_service() to install the driver's GPIO ISR handler service.

The pin ISR handlers no longer need to be declared with IRAM_ATTR, unless you pass the ESP_INTR_FLAG_IRAM flag when allocating the ISR in gpio_install_isr_service().

This ISR handler will be called from an ISR. So there is a stack size limit (configurable as "ISR stack size" in menuconfig). This limit is smaller compared to a global GPIO interrupt handler due to the additional level of indirection.

Parameters

gpio_num -- GPIO number
isr_handler -- ISR handler function for the corresponding GPIO number.
args -- parameter for ISR handler.

Returns

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_STATE Wrong state, the ISR service has not been initialized.
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG Parameter error

esp_err_t gpio_isr_handler_remove(gpio_num_t gpio_num)

Remove ISR handler for the corresponding GPIO pin.

Parameters

gpio_num -- GPIO number

Returns

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_STATE Wrong state, the ISR service has not been initialized.
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG Parameter error

esp_err_t gpio_set_drive_capability(gpio_num_t gpio_num, gpio_drive_cap_t strength)

Set GPIO pad drive capability.

Parameters

gpio_num -- GPIO number, only support output GPIOs
strength -- Drive capability of the pad

Returns

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG Parameter error

esp_err_t gpio_get_drive_capability(gpio_num_t gpio_num, gpio_drive_cap_t *strength)

Get GPIO pad drive capability.

Parameters

gpio_num -- GPIO number, only support output GPIOs
strength -- Pointer to accept drive capability of the pad

Returns

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG Parameter error

esp_err_t gpio_hold_en(gpio_num_t gpio_num)

Enable gpio pad hold function.

When a GPIO is set to hold, its state is latched at that moment and will not change when the internal signal or the IO MUX/GPIO configuration is modified (including input enable, output enable, output value, function, and drive strength values). This function can be used to retain the state of GPIOs when the power domain of where GPIO/IOMUX belongs to becomes off. For example, chip or system is reset (e.g. watchdog time-out, deep-sleep events are triggered), or peripheral power-down in light-sleep.

This function works in both input and output modes, and only applicable to output-capable GPIOs. If this function is enabled: in output mode: the output level of the GPIO will be locked and can not be changed. in input mode: the input read value can still reflect the changes of the input signal.

Please be aware that,

On ESP32P4, the states of IOs can not be hold after waking up from Deep-sleep.

Additionally, on ESP32/S2/C3/S3/C2, this function cannot be used to hold the state of a digital GPIO during Deep-sleep. Even if this function is enabled, the digital GPIO will be reset to its default state when the chip wakes up from Deep-sleep. If you want to hold the state of a digital GPIO during Deep-sleep, please call gpio_deep_sleep_hold_en.

Power down or call gpio_hold_dis will disable this function.

Parameters

gpio_num -- GPIO number, only support output-capable GPIOs

Returns

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_NOT_SUPPORTED Not support pad hold function

esp_err_t gpio_hold_dis(gpio_num_t gpio_num)

Disable gpio pad hold function.

When the chip is woken up from peripheral power-down sleep, the gpio will be set to the default mode, so, the gpio will output the default level if this function is called. If you don't want the level changes, the gpio should be configured to a known state before this function is called. e.g. If you hold gpio18 high during Deep-sleep, after the chip is woken up and gpio_hold_dis is called, gpio18 will output low level(because gpio18 is input mode by default). If you don't want this behavior, you should configure gpio18 as output mode and set it to high level before calling gpio_hold_dis.

Parameters

gpio_num -- GPIO number, only support output-capable GPIOs

Returns

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_NOT_SUPPORTED Not support pad hold function

void gpio_deep_sleep_hold_en(void)

Enable all digital gpio pads hold function during Deep-sleep.

Enabling this feature makes all digital gpio pads be at the holding state during Deep-sleep. The state of each pad holds is its active configuration (not pad's sleep configuration!).

Note:

For digital IO, this API takes effect only if the corresponding digital IO pad hold function has been enabled. You can enable the GPIO pad hold function by calling gpio_hold_en. has been enabled. You can call gpio_hold_en to enable the gpio pad hold function.
Though this API targets all digital IOs, the pad hold feature only works when the chip is in Deep-sleep mode. When the chip is in active mode, the digital GPIO state can be changed freely even if you have called this function, except for IOs that are already held by gpio_hold_en.

After this API is being called, the digital gpio Deep-sleep hold feature will work during every sleep process. You should call gpio_deep_sleep_hold_dis to disable this feature.

void gpio_deep_sleep_hold_dis(void): Disable all digital gpio pads hold function during Deep-sleep.

void gpio_iomux_in(uint32_t gpio_num, uint32_t signal_idx)

Set pad input to a peripheral signal through the IOMUX.

Parameters

gpio_num -- GPIO number of the pad.
signal_idx -- Peripheral signal id to input. One of the *_IN_IDX signals in soc/gpio_sig_map.h.

void gpio_iomux_out(uint8_t gpio_num, int func, bool out_en_inv)

Set peripheral output to an GPIO pad through the IOMUX.

Parameters

gpio_num -- gpio_num GPIO number of the pad.
func -- The function number of the peripheral pin to output pin. One of the FUNC_X_* of specified pin (X) in soc/io_mux_reg.h.
out_en_inv -- True if the output enable needs to be inverted, otherwise False.

esp_err_t gpio_force_hold_all(void)

Force hold all digital and rtc gpio pads.

GPIO force hold, no matter the chip in active mode or sleep modes.

This function will immediately cause all pads to latch the current values of input enable, output enable, output value, function, and drive strength values.

Warning

This function will hold flash and UART pins as well. Therefore, this function, and all code run afterwards (till calling gpio_force_unhold_all to disable this feature), MUST be placed in internal RAM as holding the flash pins will halt SPI flash operation, and holding the UART pins will halt any UART logging.
The hold state of all pads will be cancelled during ROM boot, so it is not recommended to use this API to hold the pads state during deepsleep and reset.

esp_err_t gpio_force_unhold_all(void): Unhold all digital and rtc gpio pads.

Note

The global hold signal and the hold signal of each IO act on the PAD through 'or' logic, so if a pad has already been configured to hold by gpio_hold_en, this API can't release its hold state.

esp_err_t gpio_sleep_sel_en(gpio_num_t gpio_num)

Enable SLP_SEL to change GPIO status automantically in lightsleep.

Parameters

gpio_num -- GPIO number of the pad.

Returns

ESP_OK Success

esp_err_t gpio_sleep_sel_dis(gpio_num_t gpio_num)

Disable SLP_SEL to change GPIO status automantically in lightsleep.

Parameters

gpio_num -- GPIO number of the pad.

Returns

ESP_OK Success

esp_err_t gpio_sleep_set_direction(gpio_num_t gpio_num, gpio_mode_t mode)

GPIO set direction at sleep.

Configure GPIO direction,such as output_only,input_only,output_and_input

Parameters

gpio_num -- Configure GPIO pins number, it should be GPIO number. If you want to set direction of e.g. GPIO16, gpio_num should be GPIO_NUM_16 (16);
mode -- GPIO direction

Returns

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG GPIO error

esp_err_t gpio_sleep_set_pull_mode(gpio_num_t gpio_num, gpio_pull_mode_t pull)

Configure GPIO pull-up/pull-down resistors at sleep.

Note

ESP32: Only pins that support both input & output have integrated pull-up and pull-down resistors. Input-only GPIOs 34-39 do not.

Parameters

gpio_num -- GPIO number. If you want to set pull up or down mode for e.g. GPIO16, gpio_num should be GPIO_NUM_16 (16);
pull -- GPIO pull up/down mode.

Returns

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG : Parameter error

esp_err_t gpio_deep_sleep_wakeup_enable(gpio_num_t gpio_num, gpio_int_type_t intr_type)

Enable GPIO deep-sleep wake-up function.

Note

Called by the SDK. User shouldn't call this directly in the APP.

Parameters

gpio_num -- GPIO number.
intr_type -- GPIO wake-up type. Only GPIO_INTR_LOW_LEVEL or GPIO_INTR_HIGH_LEVEL can be used.

Returns

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG Parameter error

esp_err_t gpio_deep_sleep_wakeup_disable(gpio_num_t gpio_num)

Disable GPIO deep-sleep wake-up function.

Parameters

gpio_num -- GPIO number

Returns

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG Parameter error

esp_err_t gpio_dump_io_configuration(FILE *out_stream, uint64_t io_bit_mask)

Dump IO configuration information to console.

Parameters

out_stream -- IO stream (e.g. stdout)
io_bit_mask -- IO pin bit mask, each bit maps to an IO

Returns

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG Parameter error

Structures

struct gpio_config_t

Configuration parameters of GPIO pad for gpio_config function.

Public Members

uint64_t pin_bit_mask: GPIO pin: set with bit mask, each bit maps to a GPIO

gpio_mode_t mode: GPIO mode: set input/output mode

gpio_pullup_t pull_up_en: GPIO pull-up

gpio_pulldown_t pull_down_en: GPIO pull-down

gpio_int_type_t intr_type: GPIO interrupt type

gpio_hys_ctrl_mode_t hys_ctrl_mode: GPIO hysteresis: hysteresis filter on slope input

Macros

GPIO_PIN_COUNT

GPIO_IS_VALID_GPIO(gpio_num): Check whether it is a valid GPIO number.

GPIO_IS_VALID_OUTPUT_GPIO(gpio_num): Check whether it can be a valid GPIO number of output mode.

GPIO_IS_VALID_DIGITAL_IO_PAD(gpio_num): Check whether it can be a valid digital I/O pad.

GPIO_IS_DEEP_SLEEP_WAKEUP_VALID_GPIO(gpio_num)

Type Definitions

typedef intr_handle_t gpio_isr_handle_t

typedef void (*gpio_isr_t)(void *arg)

GPIO interrupt handler.

Param arg: User registered data

Header File

components/hal/include/hal/gpio_types.h
This header file can be included with:
#include "hal/gpio_types.h"

Macros

GPIO_PIN_REG_0

GPIO_PIN_REG_1

GPIO_PIN_REG_2

GPIO_PIN_REG_3

GPIO_PIN_REG_4

GPIO_PIN_REG_5

GPIO_PIN_REG_6

GPIO_PIN_REG_7

GPIO_PIN_REG_8

GPIO_PIN_REG_9

GPIO_PIN_REG_10

GPIO_PIN_REG_11

GPIO_PIN_REG_12

GPIO_PIN_REG_13

GPIO_PIN_REG_14

GPIO_PIN_REG_15

GPIO_PIN_REG_16

GPIO_PIN_REG_17

GPIO_PIN_REG_18

GPIO_PIN_REG_19

GPIO_PIN_REG_20

GPIO_PIN_REG_21

GPIO_PIN_REG_22

GPIO_PIN_REG_23

GPIO_PIN_REG_24

GPIO_PIN_REG_25

GPIO_PIN_REG_26

GPIO_PIN_REG_27

GPIO_PIN_REG_28

GPIO_PIN_REG_29

GPIO_PIN_REG_30

GPIO_PIN_REG_31

GPIO_PIN_REG_32

GPIO_PIN_REG_33

GPIO_PIN_REG_34

GPIO_PIN_REG_35

GPIO_PIN_REG_36

GPIO_PIN_REG_37

GPIO_PIN_REG_38

GPIO_PIN_REG_39

GPIO_PIN_REG_40

GPIO_PIN_REG_41

GPIO_PIN_REG_42

GPIO_PIN_REG_43

GPIO_PIN_REG_44

GPIO_PIN_REG_45

GPIO_PIN_REG_46

GPIO_PIN_REG_47

GPIO_PIN_REG_48

GPIO_PIN_REG_49

GPIO_PIN_REG_50

GPIO_PIN_REG_51

GPIO_PIN_REG_52

GPIO_PIN_REG_53

GPIO_PIN_REG_54

Enumerations

enum gpio_port_t

Values:

enumerator GPIO_PORT_0

enumerator GPIO_PORT_MAX

enum gpio_int_type_t

Values:

enumerator GPIO_INTR_DISABLE: Disable GPIO interrupt

enumerator GPIO_INTR_POSEDGE: GPIO interrupt type : rising edge

enumerator GPIO_INTR_NEGEDGE: GPIO interrupt type : falling edge

enumerator GPIO_INTR_ANYEDGE: GPIO interrupt type : both rising and falling edge

enumerator GPIO_INTR_LOW_LEVEL: GPIO interrupt type : input low level trigger

enumerator GPIO_INTR_HIGH_LEVEL: GPIO interrupt type : input high level trigger

enumerator GPIO_INTR_MAX

enum gpio_mode_t

Values:

enumerator GPIO_MODE_DISABLE: GPIO mode : disable input and output

enumerator GPIO_MODE_INPUT: GPIO mode : input only

enumerator GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT: GPIO mode : output only mode

enumerator GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_OD: GPIO mode : output only with open-drain mode

enumerator GPIO_MODE_INPUT_OUTPUT_OD: GPIO mode : output and input with open-drain mode

enumerator GPIO_MODE_INPUT_OUTPUT: GPIO mode : output and input mode

enum gpio_pullup_t

Values:

enumerator GPIO_PULLUP_DISABLE: Disable GPIO pull-up resistor

enumerator GPIO_PULLUP_ENABLE: Enable GPIO pull-up resistor

enum gpio_pulldown_t

Values:

enumerator GPIO_PULLDOWN_DISABLE: Disable GPIO pull-down resistor

enumerator GPIO_PULLDOWN_ENABLE: Enable GPIO pull-down resistor

enum gpio_pull_mode_t

Values:

enumerator GPIO_PULLUP_ONLY: Pad pull up

enumerator GPIO_PULLDOWN_ONLY: Pad pull down

enumerator GPIO_PULLUP_PULLDOWN: Pad pull up + pull down

enumerator GPIO_FLOATING: Pad floating

enum gpio_drive_cap_t

Values:

enumerator GPIO_DRIVE_CAP_0: Pad drive capability: weak

enumerator GPIO_DRIVE_CAP_1: Pad drive capability: stronger

enumerator GPIO_DRIVE_CAP_2: Pad drive capability: medium

enumerator GPIO_DRIVE_CAP_DEFAULT: Pad drive capability: medium

enumerator GPIO_DRIVE_CAP_3: Pad drive capability: strongest

enumerator GPIO_DRIVE_CAP_MAX

enum gpio_hys_ctrl_mode_t

Available option for configuring hysteresis feature of GPIOs.

Values:

enumerator GPIO_HYS_SOFT_DISABLE: Pad input hysteresis disable by software

enumerator GPIO_HYS_SOFT_ENABLE: Pad input hysteresis enable by software

API Reference - RTC GPIO

Header File

components/esp_driver_gpio/include/driver/rtc_io.h
This header file can be included with:
#include "driver/rtc_io.h"
This header file is a part of the API provided by the esp_driver_gpio component. To declare that your component depends on esp_driver_gpio, add the following to your CMakeLists.txt:
REQUIRES esp_driver_gpio
or
PRIV_REQUIRES esp_driver_gpio

Functions

bool rtc_gpio_is_valid_gpio(gpio_num_t gpio_num)

Determine if the specified GPIO is a valid RTC GPIO.

Parameters: gpio_num -- GPIO number
Returns: true if GPIO is valid for RTC GPIO use. false otherwise.

int rtc_io_number_get(gpio_num_t gpio_num)

Get RTC IO index number by gpio number.

Parameters: gpio_num -- GPIO number
Returns: >=0: Index of rtcio. -1 : The gpio is not rtcio.

esp_err_t rtc_gpio_init(gpio_num_t gpio_num)

Init a GPIO as RTC GPIO.

This function must be called when initializing a pad for an analog function.

Parameters

gpio_num -- GPIO number (e.g. GPIO_NUM_12)

Returns

ESP_OK success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG GPIO is not an RTC IO

esp_err_t rtc_gpio_deinit(gpio_num_t gpio_num)

Init a GPIO as digital GPIO.

Parameters

gpio_num -- GPIO number (e.g. GPIO_NUM_12)

Returns

ESP_OK success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG GPIO is not an RTC IO

uint32_t rtc_gpio_get_level(gpio_num_t gpio_num)

Get the RTC IO input level.

Parameters

gpio_num -- GPIO number (e.g. GPIO_NUM_12)

Returns

1 High level
0 Low level
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG GPIO is not an RTC IO

esp_err_t rtc_gpio_set_level(gpio_num_t gpio_num, uint32_t level)

Set the RTC IO output level.

Parameters

gpio_num -- GPIO number (e.g. GPIO_NUM_12)
level -- output level

Returns

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG GPIO is not an RTC IO

esp_err_t rtc_gpio_set_direction(gpio_num_t gpio_num, rtc_gpio_mode_t mode)

RTC GPIO set direction.

Configure RTC GPIO direction, such as output only, input only, output and input.

Parameters

gpio_num -- GPIO number (e.g. GPIO_NUM_12)
mode -- GPIO direction

Returns

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG GPIO is not an RTC IO

esp_err_t rtc_gpio_set_direction_in_sleep(gpio_num_t gpio_num, rtc_gpio_mode_t mode)

RTC GPIO set direction in deep sleep mode or disable sleep status (default). In some application scenarios, IO needs to have another states during deep sleep.

NOTE: ESP32 supports INPUT_ONLY mode. The rest targets support INPUT_ONLY, OUTPUT_ONLY, INPUT_OUTPUT mode.

Parameters

gpio_num -- GPIO number (e.g. GPIO_NUM_12)
mode -- GPIO direction

Returns

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG GPIO is not an RTC IO

esp_err_t rtc_gpio_pullup_en(gpio_num_t gpio_num)

RTC GPIO pullup enable.

This function only works for RTC IOs. In general, call gpio_pullup_en, which will work both for normal GPIOs and RTC IOs.

Parameters

gpio_num -- GPIO number (e.g. GPIO_NUM_12)

Returns

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG GPIO is not an RTC IO

esp_err_t rtc_gpio_pulldown_en(gpio_num_t gpio_num)

RTC GPIO pulldown enable.

This function only works for RTC IOs. In general, call gpio_pulldown_en, which will work both for normal GPIOs and RTC IOs.

Parameters

gpio_num -- GPIO number (e.g. GPIO_NUM_12)

Returns

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG GPIO is not an RTC IO

esp_err_t rtc_gpio_pullup_dis(gpio_num_t gpio_num)

RTC GPIO pullup disable.

This function only works for RTC IOs. In general, call gpio_pullup_dis, which will work both for normal GPIOs and RTC IOs.

Parameters

gpio_num -- GPIO number (e.g. GPIO_NUM_12)

Returns

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG GPIO is not an RTC IO

esp_err_t rtc_gpio_pulldown_dis(gpio_num_t gpio_num)

RTC GPIO pulldown disable.

This function only works for RTC IOs. In general, call gpio_pulldown_dis, which will work both for normal GPIOs and RTC IOs.

Parameters

gpio_num -- GPIO number (e.g. GPIO_NUM_12)

Returns

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG GPIO is not an RTC IO

esp_err_t rtc_gpio_set_drive_capability(gpio_num_t gpio_num, gpio_drive_cap_t strength)

Set RTC GPIO pad drive capability.

Parameters

gpio_num -- GPIO number, only support output GPIOs
strength -- Drive capability of the pad

Returns

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG Parameter error

esp_err_t rtc_gpio_get_drive_capability(gpio_num_t gpio_num, gpio_drive_cap_t *strength)

Get RTC GPIO pad drive capability.

Parameters

gpio_num -- GPIO number, only support output GPIOs
strength -- Pointer to accept drive capability of the pad

Returns

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG Parameter error

esp_err_t rtc_gpio_iomux_func_sel(gpio_num_t gpio_num, int func)

Select a RTC IOMUX function for the RTC IO.

Parameters

gpio_num -- GPIO number
func -- Function to assign to the pin

Returns

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG Parameter error

esp_err_t rtc_gpio_hold_en(gpio_num_t gpio_num)

Enable hold function on an RTC IO pad.

Enabling HOLD function will cause the pad to latch current values of input enable, output enable, output value, function, drive strength values. This function is useful when going into light or deep sleep mode to prevent the pin configuration from changing.

Parameters

gpio_num -- GPIO number (e.g. GPIO_NUM_12)

Returns

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG GPIO is not an RTC IO

esp_err_t rtc_gpio_hold_dis(gpio_num_t gpio_num)

Disable hold function on an RTC IO pad.

Disabling hold function will allow the pad receive the values of input enable, output enable, output value, function, drive strength from RTC_IO peripheral.

Parameters

gpio_num -- GPIO number (e.g. GPIO_NUM_12)

Returns

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG GPIO is not an RTC IO

esp_err_t rtc_gpio_force_hold_en_all(void)

Enable force hold signal for all RTC IOs.

Each RTC pad has a "force hold" input signal from the RTC controller. If this signal is set, pad latches current values of input enable, function, output enable, and other signals which come from the RTC mux. Force hold signal is enabled before going into deep sleep for pins which are used for EXT1 wakeup.

esp_err_t rtc_gpio_force_hold_dis_all(void): Disable force hold signal for all RTC IOs.

esp_err_t rtc_gpio_wakeup_enable(gpio_num_t gpio_num, gpio_int_type_t intr_type)

Enable wakeup from sleep mode using specific GPIO.

Parameters

gpio_num -- GPIO number
intr_type -- Wakeup on high level (GPIO_INTR_HIGH_LEVEL) or low level (GPIO_INTR_LOW_LEVEL)

Returns

ESP_OK on success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG if gpio_num is not an RTC IO, or intr_type is not one of GPIO_INTR_HIGH_LEVEL, GPIO_INTR_LOW_LEVEL.

esp_err_t rtc_gpio_wakeup_disable(gpio_num_t gpio_num)

Disable wakeup from sleep mode using specific GPIO.

Parameters

gpio_num -- GPIO number

Returns

ESP_OK on success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG if gpio_num is not an RTC IO

Macros

RTC_GPIO_IS_VALID_GPIO(gpio_num)

Header File

components/esp_driver_gpio/include/driver/lp_io.h
This header file can be included with:
#include "driver/lp_io.h"
This header file is a part of the API provided by the esp_driver_gpio component. To declare that your component depends on esp_driver_gpio, add the following to your CMakeLists.txt:
REQUIRES esp_driver_gpio
or
PRIV_REQUIRES esp_driver_gpio

Header File

components/hal/include/hal/rtc_io_types.h
This header file can be included with:
#include "hal/rtc_io_types.h"

Enumerations

enum rtc_gpio_mode_t

RTCIO output/input mode type.

Values:

enumerator RTC_GPIO_MODE_INPUT_ONLY: Pad input

enumerator RTC_GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_ONLY: Pad output

enumerator RTC_GPIO_MODE_INPUT_OUTPUT: Pad input + output

enumerator RTC_GPIO_MODE_DISABLED: Pad (output + input) disable

enumerator RTC_GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_OD: Pad open-drain output

enumerator RTC_GPIO_MODE_INPUT_OUTPUT_OD: Pad input + open-drain output

API Reference - GPIO Glitch Filter

Header File

components/esp_driver_gpio/include/driver/gpio_filter.h
This header file can be included with:
#include "driver/gpio_filter.h"
This header file is a part of the API provided by the esp_driver_gpio component. To declare that your component depends on esp_driver_gpio, add the following to your CMakeLists.txt:
REQUIRES esp_driver_gpio
or
PRIV_REQUIRES esp_driver_gpio

Functions

esp_err_t gpio_new_pin_glitch_filter(const gpio_pin_glitch_filter_config_t *config, gpio_glitch_filter_handle_t *ret_filter)

Create a pin glitch filter.

Note

Pin glitch filter parameters are fixed, pulses shorter than two sample clocks (IO-MUX's source clock) will be filtered out. It's independent with "flex" glitch filter. See also gpio_new_flex_glitch_filter.

Note

The created filter handle can later be deleted by gpio_del_glitch_filter.

Parameters

config -- [in] Glitch filter configuration
ret_filter -- [out] Returned glitch filter handle

Returns

ESP_OK: Create a pin glitch filter successfully
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG: Create a pin glitch filter failed because of invalid arguments (e.g. wrong GPIO number)
ESP_ERR_NO_MEM: Create a pin glitch filter failed because of out of memory
ESP_FAIL: Create a pin glitch filter failed because of other error

esp_err_t gpio_new_flex_glitch_filter(const gpio_flex_glitch_filter_config_t *config, gpio_glitch_filter_handle_t *ret_filter)

Allocate a flex glitch filter.

Note

"flex" means the filter parameters (window, threshold) are adjustable. It's independent with pin glitch filter. See also gpio_new_pin_glitch_filter.

Note

The created filter handle can later be deleted by gpio_del_glitch_filter.

Parameters

config -- [in] Glitch filter configuration
ret_filter -- [out] Returned glitch filter handle

Returns

ESP_OK: Allocate a flex glitch filter successfully
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG: Allocate a flex glitch filter failed because of invalid arguments (e.g. wrong GPIO number, filter parameters out of range)
ESP_ERR_NO_MEM: Allocate a flex glitch filter failed because of out of memory
ESP_ERR_NOT_FOUND: Allocate a flex glitch filter failed because the underlying hardware resources are used up
ESP_FAIL: Allocate a flex glitch filter failed because of other error

esp_err_t gpio_del_glitch_filter(gpio_glitch_filter_handle_t filter)

Delete a glitch filter.

Parameters

filter -- [in] Glitch filter handle returned from gpio_new_flex_glitch_filter or gpio_new_pin_glitch_filter

Returns

ESP_OK: Delete glitch filter successfully
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG: Delete glitch filter failed because of invalid arguments
ESP_ERR_INVALID_STATE: Delete glitch filter failed because the glitch filter is still in working
ESP_FAIL: Delete glitch filter failed because of other error

esp_err_t gpio_glitch_filter_enable(gpio_glitch_filter_handle_t filter)

Enable a glitch filter.

Parameters

filter -- [in] Glitch filter handle returned from gpio_new_flex_glitch_filter or gpio_new_pin_glitch_filter

Returns

ESP_OK: Enable glitch filter successfully
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG: Enable glitch filter failed because of invalid arguments
ESP_ERR_INVALID_STATE: Enable glitch filter failed because the glitch filter is already enabled
ESP_FAIL: Enable glitch filter failed because of other error

esp_err_t gpio_glitch_filter_disable(gpio_glitch_filter_handle_t filter)

Disable a glitch filter.

Parameters

filter -- [in] Glitch filter handle returned from gpio_new_flex_glitch_filter or gpio_new_pin_glitch_filter

Returns

ESP_OK: Disable glitch filter successfully
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG: Disable glitch filter failed because of invalid arguments
ESP_ERR_INVALID_STATE: Disable glitch filter failed because the glitch filter is not enabled yet
ESP_FAIL: Disable glitch filter failed because of other error

Structures

struct gpio_pin_glitch_filter_config_t

Configuration of GPIO pin glitch filter.

Public Members

glitch_filter_clock_source_t clk_src: Clock source for the glitch filter

gpio_num_t gpio_num: GPIO number

struct gpio_flex_glitch_filter_config_t

Configuration of GPIO flex glitch filter.

Public Members

glitch_filter_clock_source_t clk_src: Clock source for the glitch filter

gpio_num_t gpio_num: GPIO number

uint32_t window_width_ns: Sample window width (in ns)

uint32_t window_thres_ns: Sample window threshold (in ns), during the window_width_ns sample window, any pulse whose width < window_thres_ns will be discarded.

Type Definitions

typedef struct gpio_glitch_filter_t *gpio_glitch_filter_handle_t: Typedef of GPIO glitch filter handle.

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