GPIO & RTC GPIO

GPIO 汇总

ESP32-S3 芯片具有 45 个物理 GPIO 管脚（GPIO0 ~ GPIO21 和 GPIO26 ~ GPIO48）。每个管脚都可用作一个通用 IO，或连接一个内部外设信号。通过 GPIO 交换矩阵、IO MUX 和 RTC IO MUX，可配置外设模块的输入信号来源于任何的 GPIO 管脚，并且外设模块的输出信号也可连接到任意 GPIO 管脚。这些模块共同组成了芯片的输入输出控制。更多详细信息，请参阅 ESP32-S3 技术参考手册 > IO MUX 和 GPIO 矩阵（GPIO、IO_MUX） [PDF]。

下表提供了各管脚的详细信息，部分 GPIO 具有特殊的使用限制，具体可参考表中的注释列。

GPIO	模拟功能	RTC GPIO	注释
GPIO0		RTC_GPIO0	Strapping 管脚
GPIO1	ADC1_CH0	RTC_GPIO1
GPIO2	ADC1_CH1	RTC_GPIO2
GPIO3	ADC1_CH2	RTC_GPIO3	Strapping 管脚
GPIO4	ADC1_CH3	RTC_GPIO4
GPIO5	ADC1_CH4	RTC_GPIO5
GPIO6	ADC1_CH5	RTC_GPIO6
GPIO7	ADC1_CH6	RTC_GPIO7
GPIO8	ADC1_CH7	RTC_GPIO8
GPIO9	ADC1_CH8	RTC_GPIO9
GPIO10	ADC1_CH9	RTC_GPIO10
GPIO11	ADC2_CH0	RTC_GPIO11
GPIO12	ADC2_CH1	RTC_GPIO12
GPIO13	ADC2_CH2	RTC_GPIO13
GPIO14	ADC2_CH3	RTC_GPIO14
GPIO15	ADC2_CH4	RTC_GPIO15
GPIO16	ADC2_CH5	RTC_GPIO16
GPIO17	ADC2_CH6	RTC_GPIO17
GPIO18	ADC2_CH7	RTC_GPIO18
GPIO19	ADC2_CH8	RTC_GPIO19	USB-JTAG
GPIO20	ADC2_CH9	RTC_GPIO20	USB-JTAG
GPIO21		RTC_GPIO21
GPIO26			SPI0/1
GPIO27			SPI0/1
GPIO28			SPI0/1
GPIO29			SPI0/1
GPIO30			SPI0/1
GPIO31			SPI0/1
GPIO32			SPI0/1
GPIO33			SPI0/1
GPIO34			SPI0/1
GPIO35			SPI0/1
GPIO36			SPI0/1
GPIO37			SPI0/1
GPIO38
GPIO39
GPIO40
GPIO41
GPIO42
GPIO43
GPIO44
GPIO45			Strapping 管脚
GPIO46			Strapping 管脚
GPIO47
GPIO48

备注

Strapping 管脚：GPIO0、GPIO3、GPIO45 和 GPIO46 是 Strapping 管脚。更多信息请参考 ESP32-S3 技术规格书。
SPI0/1：GPIO26 ~ GPIO32 通常用于 SPI flash 和 PSRAM，不推荐用于其他用途。当使用八线 flash 或八线 PSRAM 或同时使用两者时，GPIO33 ~ GPIO37 会连接到 SPIIO4 ~ SPIIO7 和 SPIDQS。因此，对于内嵌 ESP32-S3R8 或 ESP32-S3R8V 芯片的开发板，GPIO33 ~ GPIO37 也不推荐用于其他用途。
USB-JTAG：GPIO19 和 GPIO20 默认用于 USB-JTAG。如果将它们配置为普通 GPIO，驱动程序将禁用 USB-JTAG 功能。

当 GPIO 连接到 RTC 低功耗和模拟子系统时，ESP32-S3 芯片还单独支持 RTC GPIO。可在以下情况时使用这些管脚功能：

当 GPIO 连接到 RTC 低功耗、模拟子系统、低功耗外设时，ESP32-S3 芯片还单独支持 RTC GPIO。可在以下情况时使用这些管脚功能：

处于 Deep-sleep 模式时
超低功耗协处理器 (ULP-FSM) 运行时
超低功耗协处理器 (ULP-RISC-V) 运行时
使用 ADC/DAC 等模拟功能时

IO 管脚配置

IO 可以有两种使用方式：

作为简单的 GPIO 输入读取引脚上的电平，或作为简单的 GPIO 输出以输出所需的电平。
作为外设信号的输入/输出。

IDF 外设驱动内部会处理需要应用到引脚上的必要 IO 配置，以便它们可以用作外设信号的输入或输出。这意味着用户通常自己只需负责将 IO 配置为简单的输入或输出。gpio_config() 是一个一体化的 API，可用于配置 I/O 模式、内部上拉/下拉电阻等管脚设置。

在一些应用中，IO 管脚可以同时发挥双重作用。例如，输出 LEDC PWM 信号的 IO 也可以作为 GPIO 输入生成中断或 GPIO ETM 事件。这种双重用途的 IO 管脚在配置时需要特别注意。由于 gpio_config() 是一个会覆盖所有当前配置的 API ，因此必须先调用它将管脚模式设置为 gpio_mode_t::GPIO_MODE_INPUT，然后才能调用 LEDC 驱动 API 将输出信号连接到引脚上。作为替代方案，如果除了使管脚输入启用之外不需要其他额外配置，可以随时调用 gpio_input_enable() 以实现相同的目的。

获取 IO 管脚实时配置状态

GPIO 驱动提供了一个函数 gpio_dump_io_configuration() 用来输出指定管脚的实时配置状态，包括上下拉、输入输出使能、管脚映射等。例如，以下命令可用于输出 GPIO4，GPIO18 与 GPIO26 的配置状态：

gpio_dump_io_configuration(stdout, (1ULL << 4) | (1ULL << 18) | (1ULL << 26));

其输出信息如下：

================IO DUMP Start================
IO[4] -
  Pullup: 1, Pulldown: 0, DriveCap: 2
  InputEn: 1, OutputEn: 0, OpenDrain: 0
  FuncSel: 1 (GPIO)
  GPIO Matrix SigIn ID: (simple GPIO input)
  SleepSelEn: 1

IO[18] -
  Pullup: 0, Pulldown: 0, DriveCap: 2
  InputEn: 0, OutputEn: 1, OpenDrain: 0
  FuncSel: 1 (GPIO)
  GPIO Matrix SigOut ID: 256 (simple GPIO output)
  SleepSelEn: 1

IO[26] **RESERVED** -
  Pullup: 1, Pulldown: 0, DriveCap: 2
  InputEn: 1, OutputEn: 0, OpenDrain: 0
  FuncSel: 0 (IOMUX)
  SleepSelEn: 1

=================IO DUMP End==================

如果你想要查看所有管脚的配置状态，可以使用命令

gpio_dump_all_io_configuration(stdout, SOC_GPIO_VALID_GPIO_MASK);

如果 IO 管脚通过 GPIO 交换矩阵连接到内部外设信号，输出信息打印中的外设信号 ID 定义可以在 soc/esp32s3/include/soc/gpio_sig_map.h 头文件中查看。**RESERVED** 字样则表示此 IO 用于连接 SPI flash 或 PSRAM，强烈建议不要重新配置这些管脚用于其他功能。

请不要依赖技术参考手册中记录的 GPIO 默认配置状态，因为特殊用途的 GPIO 可能会在 app_main 之前被引导加载程序或应用程序启动阶段的代码更改。

配置 USB PHY 管脚为普通 GPIO 管脚

要将 USB PHY 管脚配置为普通 GPIO 管脚，可使用函数 gpio_config()，请参考以下代码片段来进行配置。

gpio_config_t usb_phy_conf = {
    .pin_bit_mask = (1ULL << USB_PHY_DP_PIN) | (1ULL << USB_PHY_DM_PIN),
    .mode = GPIO_MODE_INPUT_OUTPUT,
    .pull_up_en = 0,
    .pull_down_en = 0,
    .intr_type = GPIO_INTR_DISABLE,
};
gpio_config(&usb_phy_conf);

GPIO 毛刺过滤器

ESP32-S3 内置硬件的过滤器可以过滤掉 GPIO 输入端口上的毛刺信号，在一定程度上避免错误触发中断或者是错把噪声当成有效的外设信号。

每个 GPIO 都可以使用独立的毛刺过滤器，该过滤器可以将那些脉冲宽度窄于 2 个采样时钟的信号剔除掉，该宽度无法配置。GPIO 对输入信号的采样时钟通常是 IO_MUX 的时钟源。在驱动中，此类过滤器称为 管脚毛刺过滤器。可以调用 gpio_new_pin_glitch_filter() 函数创建一个过滤器句柄。过滤器的相关配置保存在 gpio_pin_glitch_filter_config_t 结构体中。

gpio_pin_glitch_filter_config_t::gpio_num 设置启用毛刺过滤器的 GPIO 编号。

毛刺过滤器默认关闭，可调用 gpio_glitch_filter_enable() 使能过滤器。如需回收这个过滤器，可以调用 gpio_del_glitch_filter() 函数。在回收句柄前，请确保过滤器处于关闭状态，否则需调用 gpio_glitch_filter_disable()。

应用示例

peripherals/gpio/generic_gpio 演示了如何配置 GPIO 以生成脉冲，触发中断。

API 参考 - 普通 GPIO

Header File

components/esp_driver_gpio/include/driver/gpio.h
This header file can be included with:
#include "driver/gpio.h"
This header file is a part of the API provided by the esp_driver_gpio component. To declare that your component depends on esp_driver_gpio, add the following to your CMakeLists.txt:
REQUIRES esp_driver_gpio
or
PRIV_REQUIRES esp_driver_gpio

Functions

esp_err_t gpio_config(const gpio_config_t *pGPIOConfig)

GPIO common configuration.

   Configure GPIO's Mode,pull-up,PullDown,IntrType

备注

This function always overwrite all the current IO configurations

参数

pGPIOConfig -- Pointer to GPIO configure struct

返回

ESP_OK success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG Parameter error

esp_err_t gpio_reset_pin(gpio_num_t gpio_num)

Reset an gpio to default state (select gpio function, enable pullup and disable input and output).

备注

This function also configures the IOMUX for this pin to the GPIO function, and disconnects any other peripheral output configured via GPIO Matrix.

参数: gpio_num -- GPIO number.
返回: Always return ESP_OK.

esp_err_t gpio_set_intr_type(gpio_num_t gpio_num, gpio_int_type_t intr_type)

GPIO set interrupt trigger type.

参数

gpio_num -- GPIO number. If you want to set the trigger type of e.g. of GPIO16, gpio_num should be GPIO_NUM_16 (16);
intr_type -- Interrupt type, select from gpio_int_type_t

返回

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG Parameter error

esp_err_t gpio_intr_enable(gpio_num_t gpio_num)

Enable GPIO module interrupt signal.

备注

ESP32: Please do not use the interrupt of GPIO36 and GPIO39 when using ADC or Wi-Fi and Bluetooth with sleep mode enabled. Please refer to the comments of adc1_get_raw. Please refer to Section 3.11 of ESP32 ECO and Workarounds for Bugs for the description of this issue.

参数

gpio_num -- GPIO number. If you want to enable an interrupt on e.g. GPIO16, gpio_num should be GPIO_NUM_16 (16);

返回

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG Parameter error

esp_err_t gpio_intr_disable(gpio_num_t gpio_num)

Disable GPIO module interrupt signal.

备注

This function is allowed to be executed when Cache is disabled within ISR context, by enabling CONFIG_GPIO_CTRL_FUNC_IN_IRAM

参数

gpio_num -- GPIO number. If you want to disable the interrupt of e.g. GPIO16, gpio_num should be GPIO_NUM_16 (16);

返回

ESP_OK success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG Parameter error

esp_err_t gpio_set_level(gpio_num_t gpio_num, uint32_t level)

GPIO set output level.

备注

This function is allowed to be executed when Cache is disabled within ISR context, by enabling CONFIG_GPIO_CTRL_FUNC_IN_IRAM

参数

gpio_num -- GPIO number. If you want to set the output level of e.g. GPIO16, gpio_num should be GPIO_NUM_16 (16);
level -- Output level. 0: low ; 1: high

返回

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG GPIO number error

int gpio_get_level(gpio_num_t gpio_num)

GPIO get input level.

警告

If the pad is not configured for input (or input and output) the returned value is always 0.

参数

gpio_num -- GPIO number. If you want to get the logic level of e.g. pin GPIO16, gpio_num should be GPIO_NUM_16 (16);

返回

0 the GPIO input level is 0
1 the GPIO input level is 1

esp_err_t gpio_set_direction(gpio_num_t gpio_num, gpio_mode_t mode)

GPIO set direction.

Configure GPIO mode,such as output_only,input_only,output_and_input

备注

This function always overwrite all the current modes that have applied on the IO pin

参数

gpio_num -- Configure GPIO pins number, it should be GPIO number. If you want to set direction of e.g. GPIO16, gpio_num should be GPIO_NUM_16 (16);
mode -- GPIO direction

返回

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG GPIO error

esp_err_t gpio_input_enable(gpio_num_t gpio_num)

Enable input for an IO.

参数

gpio_num -- GPIO number

返回

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG GPIO number error

esp_err_t gpio_set_pull_mode(gpio_num_t gpio_num, gpio_pull_mode_t pull)

Configure GPIO internal pull-up/pull-down resistors.

备注

This function always overwrite the current pull-up/pull-down configurations

备注

ESP32: Only pins that support both input & output have integrated pull-up and pull-down resistors. Input-only GPIOs 34-39 do not.

参数

gpio_num -- GPIO number. If you want to set pull up or down mode for e.g. GPIO16, gpio_num should be GPIO_NUM_16 (16);
pull -- GPIO pull up/down mode.

返回

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG : Parameter error

esp_err_t gpio_wakeup_enable(gpio_num_t gpio_num, gpio_int_type_t intr_type)

Enable GPIO wake-up function.

参数

gpio_num -- GPIO number.
intr_type -- GPIO wake-up type. Only GPIO_INTR_LOW_LEVEL or GPIO_INTR_HIGH_LEVEL can be used.

返回

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG Parameter error

esp_err_t gpio_wakeup_disable(gpio_num_t gpio_num)

Disable GPIO wake-up function.

参数

gpio_num -- GPIO number

返回

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG Parameter error

esp_err_t gpio_isr_register(void (*fn)(void*), void *arg, int intr_alloc_flags, gpio_isr_handle_t *handle)

Register GPIO interrupt handler, the handler is an ISR. The handler will be attached to the same CPU core that this function is running on.

This ISR function is called whenever any GPIO interrupt occurs. See the alternative gpio_install_isr_service() and gpio_isr_handler_add() API in order to have the driver support per-GPIO ISRs.

To disable or remove the ISR, pass the returned handle to the interrupt allocation functions.

参数

fn -- Interrupt handler function.
arg -- Parameter for handler function
intr_alloc_flags -- Flags used to allocate the interrupt. One or multiple (ORred) ESP_INTR_FLAG_* values. See esp_intr_alloc.h for more info.
handle -- Pointer to return handle. If non-NULL, a handle for the interrupt will be returned here.

返回

ESP_OK Success ;
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG GPIO error
ESP_ERR_NOT_FOUND No free interrupt found with the specified flags

esp_err_t gpio_pullup_en(gpio_num_t gpio_num)

Enable pull-up on GPIO.

参数

gpio_num -- GPIO number

返回

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG Parameter error

esp_err_t gpio_pullup_dis(gpio_num_t gpio_num)

Disable pull-up on GPIO.

参数

gpio_num -- GPIO number

返回

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG Parameter error

esp_err_t gpio_pulldown_en(gpio_num_t gpio_num)

Enable pull-down on GPIO.

参数

gpio_num -- GPIO number

返回

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG Parameter error

esp_err_t gpio_pulldown_dis(gpio_num_t gpio_num)

Disable pull-down on GPIO.

参数

gpio_num -- GPIO number

返回

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG Parameter error

esp_err_t gpio_install_isr_service(int intr_alloc_flags)

Install the GPIO driver's ETS_GPIO_INTR_SOURCE ISR handler service, which allows per-pin GPIO interrupt handlers.

This function is incompatible with gpio_isr_register() - if that function is used, a single global ISR is registered for all GPIO interrupts. If this function is used, the ISR service provides a global GPIO ISR and individual pin handlers are registered via the gpio_isr_handler_add() function.

参数

intr_alloc_flags -- Flags used to allocate the interrupt. One or multiple (ORred) ESP_INTR_FLAG_* values. See esp_intr_alloc.h for more info.

返回

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_NO_MEM No memory to install this service
ESP_ERR_INVALID_STATE ISR service already installed.
ESP_ERR_NOT_FOUND No free interrupt found with the specified flags
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG GPIO error

void gpio_uninstall_isr_service(void): Uninstall the driver's GPIO ISR service, freeing related resources.

esp_err_t gpio_isr_handler_add(gpio_num_t gpio_num, gpio_isr_t isr_handler, void *args)

Add ISR handler for the corresponding GPIO pin.

Call this function after using gpio_install_isr_service() to install the driver's GPIO ISR handler service.

The pin ISR handlers no longer need to be declared with IRAM_ATTR, unless you pass the ESP_INTR_FLAG_IRAM flag when allocating the ISR in gpio_install_isr_service().

This ISR handler will be called from an ISR. So there is a stack size limit (configurable as "ISR stack size" in menuconfig). This limit is smaller compared to a global GPIO interrupt handler due to the additional level of indirection.

参数

gpio_num -- GPIO number
isr_handler -- ISR handler function for the corresponding GPIO number.
args -- parameter for ISR handler.

返回

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_STATE Wrong state, the ISR service has not been initialized.
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG Parameter error

esp_err_t gpio_isr_handler_remove(gpio_num_t gpio_num)

Remove ISR handler for the corresponding GPIO pin.

参数

gpio_num -- GPIO number

返回

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_STATE Wrong state, the ISR service has not been initialized.
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG Parameter error

esp_err_t gpio_set_drive_capability(gpio_num_t gpio_num, gpio_drive_cap_t strength)

Set GPIO pad drive capability.

参数

gpio_num -- GPIO number, only support output GPIOs
strength -- Drive capability of the pad

返回

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG Parameter error

esp_err_t gpio_get_drive_capability(gpio_num_t gpio_num, gpio_drive_cap_t *strength)

Get GPIO pad drive capability.

参数

gpio_num -- GPIO number, only support output GPIOs
strength -- Pointer to accept drive capability of the pad

返回

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG Parameter error

esp_err_t gpio_hold_en(gpio_num_t gpio_num)

Enable gpio pad hold function.

When a GPIO is set to hold, its state is latched at that moment and will not change when the internal signal or the IO MUX/GPIO configuration is modified (including input enable, output enable, output value, function, and drive strength values). This function can be used to retain the state of GPIOs when the power domain of where GPIO/IOMUX belongs to becomes off. For example, chip or system is reset (e.g. watchdog time-out, deep-sleep events are triggered), or peripheral power-down in light-sleep.

This function works in both input and output modes, and only applicable to output-capable GPIOs. If this function is enabled: in output mode: the output level of the GPIO will be locked and can not be changed. in input mode: the input read value can still reflect the changes of the input signal.

Please be aware that,

On ESP32P4, the states of IOs can not be hold after waking up from Deep-sleep.

Additionally, on ESP32/S2/C3/S3/C2, this function cannot be used to hold the state of a digital GPIO during Deep-sleep. Even if this function is enabled, the digital GPIO will be reset to its default state when the chip wakes up from Deep-sleep. If you want to hold the state of a digital GPIO during Deep-sleep, please call gpio_deep_sleep_hold_en.

Power down or call gpio_hold_dis will disable this function.

参数

gpio_num -- GPIO number, only support output-capable GPIOs

返回

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_NOT_SUPPORTED Not support pad hold function

esp_err_t gpio_hold_dis(gpio_num_t gpio_num)

Disable gpio pad hold function.

When the chip is woken up from peripheral power-down sleep, the gpio will be set to the default mode, so, the gpio will output the default level if this function is called. If you don't want the level changes, the gpio should be configured to a known state before this function is called. e.g. If you hold gpio18 high during Deep-sleep, after the chip is woken up and gpio_hold_dis is called, gpio18 will output low level(because gpio18 is input mode by default). If you don't want this behavior, you should configure gpio18 as output mode and set it to high level before calling gpio_hold_dis.

参数

gpio_num -- GPIO number, only support output-capable GPIOs

返回

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_NOT_SUPPORTED Not support pad hold function

void gpio_deep_sleep_hold_en(void)

Enable all digital gpio pads hold function during Deep-sleep.

Enabling this feature makes all digital gpio pads be at the holding state during Deep-sleep. The state of each pad holds is its active configuration (not pad's sleep configuration!).

Note:

For digital IO, this API takes effect only if the corresponding digital IO pad hold function has been enabled. You can enable the GPIO pad hold function by calling gpio_hold_en. has been enabled. You can call gpio_hold_en to enable the gpio pad hold function.
Though this API targets all digital IOs, the pad hold feature only works when the chip is in Deep-sleep mode. When the chip is in active mode, the digital GPIO state can be changed freely even if you have called this function, except for IOs that are already held by gpio_hold_en.

After this API is being called, the digital gpio Deep-sleep hold feature will work during every sleep process. You should call gpio_deep_sleep_hold_dis to disable this feature.

void gpio_deep_sleep_hold_dis(void): Disable all digital gpio pads hold function during Deep-sleep.

void gpio_iomux_in(uint32_t gpio_num, uint32_t signal_idx)

Set pad input to a peripheral signal through the IOMUX.

参数

gpio_num -- GPIO number of the pad.
signal_idx -- Peripheral signal id to input. One of the *_IN_IDX signals in soc/gpio_sig_map.h.

void gpio_iomux_out(uint8_t gpio_num, int func, bool out_en_inv)

Set peripheral output to an GPIO pad through the IOMUX.

参数

gpio_num -- gpio_num GPIO number of the pad.
func -- The function number of the peripheral pin to output pin. One of the FUNC_X_* of specified pin (X) in soc/io_mux_reg.h.
out_en_inv -- True if the output enable needs to be inverted, otherwise False.

esp_err_t gpio_force_hold_all(void)

Force hold all digital and rtc gpio pads.

GPIO force hold, no matter the chip in active mode or sleep modes.

This function will immediately cause all pads to latch the current values of input enable, output enable, output value, function, and drive strength values.

警告

This function will hold flash and UART pins as well. Therefore, this function, and all code run afterwards (till calling gpio_force_unhold_all to disable this feature), MUST be placed in internal RAM as holding the flash pins will halt SPI flash operation, and holding the UART pins will halt any UART logging.
The hold state of all pads will be cancelled during ROM boot, so it is not recommended to use this API to hold the pads state during deepsleep and reset.

esp_err_t gpio_force_unhold_all(void): Unhold all digital and rtc gpio pads.

备注

The global hold signal and the hold signal of each IO act on the PAD through 'or' logic, so if a pad has already been configured to hold by gpio_hold_en, this API can't release its hold state.

esp_err_t gpio_sleep_sel_en(gpio_num_t gpio_num)

Enable SLP_SEL to change GPIO status automantically in lightsleep.

参数

gpio_num -- GPIO number of the pad.

返回

ESP_OK Success

esp_err_t gpio_sleep_sel_dis(gpio_num_t gpio_num)

Disable SLP_SEL to change GPIO status automantically in lightsleep.

参数

gpio_num -- GPIO number of the pad.

返回

ESP_OK Success

esp_err_t gpio_sleep_set_direction(gpio_num_t gpio_num, gpio_mode_t mode)

GPIO set direction at sleep.

Configure GPIO direction,such as output_only,input_only,output_and_input

参数

gpio_num -- Configure GPIO pins number, it should be GPIO number. If you want to set direction of e.g. GPIO16, gpio_num should be GPIO_NUM_16 (16);
mode -- GPIO direction

返回

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG GPIO error

esp_err_t gpio_sleep_set_pull_mode(gpio_num_t gpio_num, gpio_pull_mode_t pull)

Configure GPIO pull-up/pull-down resistors at sleep.

备注

ESP32: Only pins that support both input & output have integrated pull-up and pull-down resistors. Input-only GPIOs 34-39 do not.

参数

gpio_num -- GPIO number. If you want to set pull up or down mode for e.g. GPIO16, gpio_num should be GPIO_NUM_16 (16);
pull -- GPIO pull up/down mode.

返回

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG : Parameter error

esp_err_t gpio_dump_io_configuration(FILE *out_stream, uint64_t io_bit_mask)

Dump IO configuration information to console.

参数

out_stream -- IO stream (e.g. stdout)
io_bit_mask -- IO pin bit mask, each bit maps to an IO

返回

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG Parameter error

Structures

struct gpio_config_t

Configuration parameters of GPIO pad for gpio_config function.

Public Members

uint64_t pin_bit_mask: GPIO pin: set with bit mask, each bit maps to a GPIO

gpio_mode_t mode: GPIO mode: set input/output mode

gpio_pullup_t pull_up_en: GPIO pull-up

gpio_pulldown_t pull_down_en: GPIO pull-down

gpio_int_type_t intr_type: GPIO interrupt type

Macros

GPIO_PIN_COUNT

GPIO_IS_VALID_GPIO(gpio_num): Check whether it is a valid GPIO number.

GPIO_IS_VALID_OUTPUT_GPIO(gpio_num): Check whether it can be a valid GPIO number of output mode.

GPIO_IS_VALID_DIGITAL_IO_PAD(gpio_num): Check whether it can be a valid digital I/O pad.

Type Definitions

typedef intr_handle_t gpio_isr_handle_t

typedef void (*gpio_isr_t)(void *arg)

GPIO interrupt handler.

Param arg: User registered data

Header File

components/hal/include/hal/gpio_types.h
This header file can be included with:
#include "hal/gpio_types.h"

Macros

GPIO_PIN_REG_0

GPIO_PIN_REG_1

GPIO_PIN_REG_2

GPIO_PIN_REG_3

GPIO_PIN_REG_4

GPIO_PIN_REG_5

GPIO_PIN_REG_6

GPIO_PIN_REG_7

GPIO_PIN_REG_8

GPIO_PIN_REG_9

GPIO_PIN_REG_10

GPIO_PIN_REG_11

GPIO_PIN_REG_12

GPIO_PIN_REG_13

GPIO_PIN_REG_14

GPIO_PIN_REG_15

GPIO_PIN_REG_16

GPIO_PIN_REG_17

GPIO_PIN_REG_18

GPIO_PIN_REG_19

GPIO_PIN_REG_20

GPIO_PIN_REG_21

GPIO_PIN_REG_22

GPIO_PIN_REG_23

GPIO_PIN_REG_24

GPIO_PIN_REG_25

GPIO_PIN_REG_26

GPIO_PIN_REG_27

GPIO_PIN_REG_28

GPIO_PIN_REG_29

GPIO_PIN_REG_30

GPIO_PIN_REG_31

GPIO_PIN_REG_32

GPIO_PIN_REG_33

GPIO_PIN_REG_34

GPIO_PIN_REG_35

GPIO_PIN_REG_36

GPIO_PIN_REG_37

GPIO_PIN_REG_38

GPIO_PIN_REG_39

GPIO_PIN_REG_40

GPIO_PIN_REG_41

GPIO_PIN_REG_42

GPIO_PIN_REG_43

GPIO_PIN_REG_44

GPIO_PIN_REG_45

GPIO_PIN_REG_46

GPIO_PIN_REG_47

GPIO_PIN_REG_48

GPIO_PIN_REG_49

GPIO_PIN_REG_50

GPIO_PIN_REG_51

GPIO_PIN_REG_52

GPIO_PIN_REG_53

GPIO_PIN_REG_54

Enumerations

enum gpio_port_t

Values:

enumerator GPIO_PORT_0

enumerator GPIO_PORT_MAX

enum gpio_int_type_t

Values:

enumerator GPIO_INTR_DISABLE: Disable GPIO interrupt

enumerator GPIO_INTR_POSEDGE: GPIO interrupt type : rising edge

enumerator GPIO_INTR_NEGEDGE: GPIO interrupt type : falling edge

enumerator GPIO_INTR_ANYEDGE: GPIO interrupt type : both rising and falling edge

enumerator GPIO_INTR_LOW_LEVEL: GPIO interrupt type : input low level trigger

enumerator GPIO_INTR_HIGH_LEVEL: GPIO interrupt type : input high level trigger

enumerator GPIO_INTR_MAX

enum gpio_mode_t

Values:

enumerator GPIO_MODE_DISABLE: GPIO mode : disable input and output

enumerator GPIO_MODE_INPUT: GPIO mode : input only

enumerator GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT: GPIO mode : output only mode

enumerator GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_OD: GPIO mode : output only with open-drain mode

enumerator GPIO_MODE_INPUT_OUTPUT_OD: GPIO mode : output and input with open-drain mode

enumerator GPIO_MODE_INPUT_OUTPUT: GPIO mode : output and input mode

enum gpio_pullup_t

Values:

enumerator GPIO_PULLUP_DISABLE: Disable GPIO pull-up resistor

enumerator GPIO_PULLUP_ENABLE: Enable GPIO pull-up resistor

enum gpio_pulldown_t

Values:

enumerator GPIO_PULLDOWN_DISABLE: Disable GPIO pull-down resistor

enumerator GPIO_PULLDOWN_ENABLE: Enable GPIO pull-down resistor

enum gpio_pull_mode_t

Values:

enumerator GPIO_PULLUP_ONLY: Pad pull up

enumerator GPIO_PULLDOWN_ONLY: Pad pull down

enumerator GPIO_PULLUP_PULLDOWN: Pad pull up + pull down

enumerator GPIO_FLOATING: Pad floating

enum gpio_drive_cap_t

Values:

enumerator GPIO_DRIVE_CAP_0: Pad drive capability: weak

enumerator GPIO_DRIVE_CAP_1: Pad drive capability: stronger

enumerator GPIO_DRIVE_CAP_2: Pad drive capability: medium

enumerator GPIO_DRIVE_CAP_DEFAULT: Pad drive capability: medium

enumerator GPIO_DRIVE_CAP_3: Pad drive capability: strongest

enumerator GPIO_DRIVE_CAP_MAX

API 参考 - RTC GPIO

Header File

components/esp_driver_gpio/include/driver/rtc_io.h
This header file can be included with:
#include "driver/rtc_io.h"
This header file is a part of the API provided by the esp_driver_gpio component. To declare that your component depends on esp_driver_gpio, add the following to your CMakeLists.txt:
REQUIRES esp_driver_gpio
or
PRIV_REQUIRES esp_driver_gpio

Functions

bool rtc_gpio_is_valid_gpio(gpio_num_t gpio_num)

Determine if the specified GPIO is a valid RTC GPIO.

参数: gpio_num -- GPIO number
返回: true if GPIO is valid for RTC GPIO use. false otherwise.

int rtc_io_number_get(gpio_num_t gpio_num)

Get RTC IO index number by gpio number.

参数: gpio_num -- GPIO number
返回: >=0: Index of rtcio. -1 : The gpio is not rtcio.

esp_err_t rtc_gpio_init(gpio_num_t gpio_num)

Init a GPIO as RTC GPIO.

This function must be called when initializing a pad for an analog function.

参数

gpio_num -- GPIO number (e.g. GPIO_NUM_12)

返回

ESP_OK success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG GPIO is not an RTC IO

esp_err_t rtc_gpio_deinit(gpio_num_t gpio_num)

Init a GPIO as digital GPIO.

参数

gpio_num -- GPIO number (e.g. GPIO_NUM_12)

返回

ESP_OK success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG GPIO is not an RTC IO

uint32_t rtc_gpio_get_level(gpio_num_t gpio_num)

Get the RTC IO input level.

参数

gpio_num -- GPIO number (e.g. GPIO_NUM_12)

返回

1 High level
0 Low level
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG GPIO is not an RTC IO

esp_err_t rtc_gpio_set_level(gpio_num_t gpio_num, uint32_t level)

Set the RTC IO output level.

参数

gpio_num -- GPIO number (e.g. GPIO_NUM_12)
level -- output level

返回

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG GPIO is not an RTC IO

esp_err_t rtc_gpio_set_direction(gpio_num_t gpio_num, rtc_gpio_mode_t mode)

RTC GPIO set direction.

Configure RTC GPIO direction, such as output only, input only, output and input.

参数

gpio_num -- GPIO number (e.g. GPIO_NUM_12)
mode -- GPIO direction

返回

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG GPIO is not an RTC IO

esp_err_t rtc_gpio_set_direction_in_sleep(gpio_num_t gpio_num, rtc_gpio_mode_t mode)

RTC GPIO set direction in deep sleep mode or disable sleep status (default). In some application scenarios, IO needs to have another states during deep sleep.

NOTE: ESP32 supports INPUT_ONLY mode. The rest targets support INPUT_ONLY, OUTPUT_ONLY, INPUT_OUTPUT mode.

参数

gpio_num -- GPIO number (e.g. GPIO_NUM_12)
mode -- GPIO direction

返回

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG GPIO is not an RTC IO

esp_err_t rtc_gpio_pullup_en(gpio_num_t gpio_num)

RTC GPIO pullup enable.

This function only works for RTC IOs. In general, call gpio_pullup_en, which will work both for normal GPIOs and RTC IOs.

参数

gpio_num -- GPIO number (e.g. GPIO_NUM_12)

返回

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG GPIO is not an RTC IO

esp_err_t rtc_gpio_pulldown_en(gpio_num_t gpio_num)

RTC GPIO pulldown enable.

This function only works for RTC IOs. In general, call gpio_pulldown_en, which will work both for normal GPIOs and RTC IOs.

参数

gpio_num -- GPIO number (e.g. GPIO_NUM_12)

返回

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG GPIO is not an RTC IO

esp_err_t rtc_gpio_pullup_dis(gpio_num_t gpio_num)

RTC GPIO pullup disable.

This function only works for RTC IOs. In general, call gpio_pullup_dis, which will work both for normal GPIOs and RTC IOs.

参数

gpio_num -- GPIO number (e.g. GPIO_NUM_12)

返回

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG GPIO is not an RTC IO

esp_err_t rtc_gpio_pulldown_dis(gpio_num_t gpio_num)

RTC GPIO pulldown disable.

This function only works for RTC IOs. In general, call gpio_pulldown_dis, which will work both for normal GPIOs and RTC IOs.

参数

gpio_num -- GPIO number (e.g. GPIO_NUM_12)

返回

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG GPIO is not an RTC IO

esp_err_t rtc_gpio_set_drive_capability(gpio_num_t gpio_num, gpio_drive_cap_t strength)

Set RTC GPIO pad drive capability.

参数

gpio_num -- GPIO number, only support output GPIOs
strength -- Drive capability of the pad

返回

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG Parameter error

esp_err_t rtc_gpio_get_drive_capability(gpio_num_t gpio_num, gpio_drive_cap_t *strength)

Get RTC GPIO pad drive capability.

参数

gpio_num -- GPIO number, only support output GPIOs
strength -- Pointer to accept drive capability of the pad

返回

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG Parameter error

esp_err_t rtc_gpio_iomux_func_sel(gpio_num_t gpio_num, int func)

Select a RTC IOMUX function for the RTC IO.

参数

gpio_num -- GPIO number
func -- Function to assign to the pin

返回

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG Parameter error

esp_err_t rtc_gpio_hold_en(gpio_num_t gpio_num)

Enable hold function on an RTC IO pad.

Enabling HOLD function will cause the pad to latch current values of input enable, output enable, output value, function, drive strength values. This function is useful when going into light or deep sleep mode to prevent the pin configuration from changing.

参数

gpio_num -- GPIO number (e.g. GPIO_NUM_12)

返回

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG GPIO is not an RTC IO

esp_err_t rtc_gpio_hold_dis(gpio_num_t gpio_num)

Disable hold function on an RTC IO pad.

Disabling hold function will allow the pad receive the values of input enable, output enable, output value, function, drive strength from RTC_IO peripheral.

参数

gpio_num -- GPIO number (e.g. GPIO_NUM_12)

返回

ESP_OK Success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG GPIO is not an RTC IO

esp_err_t rtc_gpio_force_hold_en_all(void)

Enable force hold signal for all RTC IOs.

Each RTC pad has a "force hold" input signal from the RTC controller. If this signal is set, pad latches current values of input enable, function, output enable, and other signals which come from the RTC mux. Force hold signal is enabled before going into deep sleep for pins which are used for EXT1 wakeup.

esp_err_t rtc_gpio_force_hold_dis_all(void): Disable force hold signal for all RTC IOs.

esp_err_t rtc_gpio_wakeup_enable(gpio_num_t gpio_num, gpio_int_type_t intr_type)

Enable wakeup from sleep mode using specific GPIO.

参数

gpio_num -- GPIO number
intr_type -- Wakeup on high level (GPIO_INTR_HIGH_LEVEL) or low level (GPIO_INTR_LOW_LEVEL)

返回

ESP_OK on success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG if gpio_num is not an RTC IO, or intr_type is not one of GPIO_INTR_HIGH_LEVEL, GPIO_INTR_LOW_LEVEL.

esp_err_t rtc_gpio_wakeup_disable(gpio_num_t gpio_num)

Disable wakeup from sleep mode using specific GPIO.

参数

gpio_num -- GPIO number

返回

ESP_OK on success
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG if gpio_num is not an RTC IO

Macros

RTC_GPIO_IS_VALID_GPIO(gpio_num)

Header File

components/esp_driver_gpio/include/driver/lp_io.h
This header file can be included with:
#include "driver/lp_io.h"
This header file is a part of the API provided by the esp_driver_gpio component. To declare that your component depends on esp_driver_gpio, add the following to your CMakeLists.txt:
REQUIRES esp_driver_gpio
or
PRIV_REQUIRES esp_driver_gpio

Header File

components/hal/include/hal/rtc_io_types.h
This header file can be included with:
#include "hal/rtc_io_types.h"

Enumerations

enum rtc_gpio_mode_t

RTCIO output/input mode type.

Values:

enumerator RTC_GPIO_MODE_INPUT_ONLY: Pad input

enumerator RTC_GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_ONLY: Pad output

enumerator RTC_GPIO_MODE_INPUT_OUTPUT: Pad input + output

enumerator RTC_GPIO_MODE_DISABLED: Pad (output + input) disable

enumerator RTC_GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_OD: Pad open-drain output

enumerator RTC_GPIO_MODE_INPUT_OUTPUT_OD: Pad input + open-drain output

API 参考 - GPIO 毛刺过滤器

Header File

components/esp_driver_gpio/include/driver/gpio_filter.h
This header file can be included with:
#include "driver/gpio_filter.h"
This header file is a part of the API provided by the esp_driver_gpio component. To declare that your component depends on esp_driver_gpio, add the following to your CMakeLists.txt:
REQUIRES esp_driver_gpio
or
PRIV_REQUIRES esp_driver_gpio

Functions

esp_err_t gpio_new_pin_glitch_filter(const gpio_pin_glitch_filter_config_t *config, gpio_glitch_filter_handle_t *ret_filter)

Create a pin glitch filter.

备注

Pin glitch filter parameters are fixed, pulses shorter than two sample clocks (IO-MUX's source clock) will be filtered out. It's independent with "flex" glitch filter. See also gpio_new_flex_glitch_filter.

备注

The created filter handle can later be deleted by gpio_del_glitch_filter.

参数

config -- [in] Glitch filter configuration
ret_filter -- [out] Returned glitch filter handle

返回

ESP_OK: Create a pin glitch filter successfully
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG: Create a pin glitch filter failed because of invalid arguments (e.g. wrong GPIO number)
ESP_ERR_NO_MEM: Create a pin glitch filter failed because of out of memory
ESP_FAIL: Create a pin glitch filter failed because of other error

esp_err_t gpio_new_flex_glitch_filter(const gpio_flex_glitch_filter_config_t *config, gpio_glitch_filter_handle_t *ret_filter)

Allocate a flex glitch filter.

备注

"flex" means the filter parameters (window, threshold) are adjustable. It's independent with pin glitch filter. See also gpio_new_pin_glitch_filter.

备注

The created filter handle can later be deleted by gpio_del_glitch_filter.

参数

config -- [in] Glitch filter configuration
ret_filter -- [out] Returned glitch filter handle

返回

ESP_OK: Allocate a flex glitch filter successfully
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG: Allocate a flex glitch filter failed because of invalid arguments (e.g. wrong GPIO number, filter parameters out of range)
ESP_ERR_NO_MEM: Allocate a flex glitch filter failed because of out of memory
ESP_ERR_NOT_FOUND: Allocate a flex glitch filter failed because the underlying hardware resources are used up
ESP_FAIL: Allocate a flex glitch filter failed because of other error

esp_err_t gpio_del_glitch_filter(gpio_glitch_filter_handle_t filter)

Delete a glitch filter.

参数

filter -- [in] Glitch filter handle returned from gpio_new_flex_glitch_filter or gpio_new_pin_glitch_filter

返回

ESP_OK: Delete glitch filter successfully
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG: Delete glitch filter failed because of invalid arguments
ESP_ERR_INVALID_STATE: Delete glitch filter failed because the glitch filter is still in working
ESP_FAIL: Delete glitch filter failed because of other error

esp_err_t gpio_glitch_filter_enable(gpio_glitch_filter_handle_t filter)

Enable a glitch filter.

参数

filter -- [in] Glitch filter handle returned from gpio_new_flex_glitch_filter or gpio_new_pin_glitch_filter

返回

ESP_OK: Enable glitch filter successfully
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG: Enable glitch filter failed because of invalid arguments
ESP_ERR_INVALID_STATE: Enable glitch filter failed because the glitch filter is already enabled
ESP_FAIL: Enable glitch filter failed because of other error

esp_err_t gpio_glitch_filter_disable(gpio_glitch_filter_handle_t filter)

Disable a glitch filter.

参数

filter -- [in] Glitch filter handle returned from gpio_new_flex_glitch_filter or gpio_new_pin_glitch_filter

返回

ESP_OK: Disable glitch filter successfully
ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG: Disable glitch filter failed because of invalid arguments
ESP_ERR_INVALID_STATE: Disable glitch filter failed because the glitch filter is not enabled yet
ESP_FAIL: Disable glitch filter failed because of other error

Structures

struct gpio_pin_glitch_filter_config_t

Configuration of GPIO pin glitch filter.

Public Members

glitch_filter_clock_source_t clk_src: Clock source for the glitch filter

gpio_num_t gpio_num: GPIO number

struct gpio_flex_glitch_filter_config_t

Configuration of GPIO flex glitch filter.

Public Members

glitch_filter_clock_source_t clk_src: Clock source for the glitch filter

gpio_num_t gpio_num: GPIO number

uint32_t window_width_ns: Sample window width (in ns)

uint32_t window_thres_ns: Sample window threshold (in ns), during the window_width_ns sample window, any pulse whose width < window_thres_ns will be discarded.

Type Definitions

typedef struct gpio_glitch_filter_t *gpio_glitch_filter_handle_t: Typedef of GPIO glitch filter handle.

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GPIO & RTC GPIO

GPIO 汇总

IO 管脚配置

获取 IO 管脚实时配置状态

配置 USB PHY 管脚 为普通 GPIO 管脚

GPIO 毛刺过滤器

应用示例

API 参考 - 普通 GPIO

Header File

Functions

Structures

Macros

Type Definitions

Header File

Macros

Enumerations

API 参考 - RTC GPIO

Header File

Functions

Macros

Header File

Header File

Enumerations

API 参考 - GPIO 毛刺过滤器

Header File

Functions

Structures

Type Definitions

配置 USB PHY 管脚为普通 GPIO 管脚